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Clinical Radiation Oncology

Section edited by Stephanie Combs, Pirus Ghadjar, Matthias Guckenberger, Daniel Habermehl, Silke Nachbichler, Maximilian Niyazi, and Falk Roeder

The Clinical Radiation Oncology section aims to provide a platform for clinical research in radiation oncology. Research includes innovative early phase and later stage clinical trials, technical approaches, review articles on “burning” clinical questions, invited key reviews, RT planning studies, multimodal therapy, data mining from retrospective cohorts in a hypothesis-generating manner, interconnection between imaging and improved target delineation, and intensity modulation/high precision techniques. The section addresses current, timely and cutting- edge research and reviews about clinically relevant issues in radiation oncology, while offering a fast review process.

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  1. The ESCALOX trial was designed as a multicenter, randomized prospective dose escalation study for head and neck cancer. Therefore, feasibility of treatment planning via different treatment planning systems (TP...

    Authors: Steffi U. Pigorsch, Severin Kampfer, Markus Oechsner, Michael C. Mayinger, Petra Mozes, Michal Devecka, Kerstin K. Kessel, Stephanie E. Combs and Jan J. Wilkens
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:253
  2. To develop and validate a nomogram model to predict complete response (CR) after concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients using pretreatment CT radiomic features.

    Authors: He-San Luo, Shao-Fu Huang, Hong-Yao Xu, Xu-Yuan Li, Sheng-Xi Wu and De-Hua Wu
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:249
  3. Expression of PD-L1 is the most investigated predictor of benefit from immune checkpoint blockade in advanced NSCLC but little is known about the association of PD-L1 expression and clinicopathological paramet...

    Authors: Martina Vrankar, Izidor Kern and Karmen Stanic
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:247
  4. Radiation pneumonitis (RP) could be a lethal complication of lung cancer treatment. No reliable predictors of RP severity have been recognized. This prospective pilot study was performed to identify early pred...

    Authors: Samantha Aso, Arturo Navarro-Martin, Richard Castillo, Susana Padrones, Edward Castillo, Ana Montes, José Ignacio Martínez, Noelia Cubero, Rosa López, Laura Rodríguez, Ramon Palmero, Federico Manresa, Thomas Guerrero and María Molina
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:246
  5. Stereotactic radiation therapy (SRT) and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) may act synergistically to improve treatment outcomes but may also increase the risk of symptomatic radiation necrosis (RN). The obje...

    Authors: Emily S. Kowalski, Jill S. Remick, Kai Sun, Gregory S. Alexander, Rahul Khairnar, Emily Morse, Hua-Ren Cherng, Lars J. Berg, Yannick Poirier, Narottam Lamichhane, Stewart Becker, Shifeng Chen, Jason K. Molitoris, Young Kwok, William F. Regine and Mark V. Mishra
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:245
  6. There is no standard treatment for locoregional recurrent (LR) esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients treated with radiotherapy (RT) previously. This retrospective study aimed to examine the effica...

    Authors: Kaikai Zhao, Youjiao Si, Liangchao Sun, Xiangjiao Meng and Jinming Yu
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:243
  7. To evaluate the applicability and estimate the radiobiological parameters of linear-quadratic Poisson tumour control probability (TCP) model for primary prostate cancer patients for two relevant target structu...

    Authors: Ilias Sachpazidis, Panayiotis Mavroidis, Constantinos Zamboglou, Christina Marie Klein, Anca-Ligia Grosu and Dimos Baltas
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:242
  8. To evaluate inter-fractional variations in bladder and rectum during prostate stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) and determine dosimetric and clinical consequences.

    Authors: David J. Byun, Daniel J. Gorovets, Lauren M. Jacobs, Laura Happersett, Pengpeng Zhang, Xin Pei, Sarah Burleson, Zhigang Zhang, Margie Hunt, Sean McBride, Marisa A. Kollmeier and Michael J. Zelefsky
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:239
  9. Nearly 50% of new gastric cancer cases and gastric cancer-related deaths worldwide occur in China. No global consensus has been reached about the optimal management of locally advanced gastric cancer. Although...

    Authors: Yongqiang Yang, Yifu Ma, Xiaoyong Xiang, Pengfei Xing, Yongyou Wu, Liyuan Zhang and Ye Tian
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:237
  10. Intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) improves dose homogeneity and late toxicity compared to simple tangential techniques in adjuvant whole-breast radiotherapy for patients with breast cancer. Simultaneous-...

    Authors: David Krug, Christine Köder, Matthias F. Häfner, Nathalie Arians, Semi B. Harrabi, Stefan A. Koerber, Tobias Forster, Ingmar Schlampp, Christof Sohn, Joerg Heil, Holger Hof, Juliane Hörner-Rieber and Jürgen Debus
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:235
  11. To evaluate the clinical outcomes of combination of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), whole pelvic radiotherapy (WPRT), and stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) boost in high-risk prostate cancer patients.

    Authors: Yeon Joo Kim, Hanjong Ahn, Choung-Soo Kim and Young Seok Kim
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:234
  12. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy and short-course radiotherapy followed by resection has been gaining recognition in the treatment of rectal cancer. Avelumab is a fully human immunoglobulin that binds Programmed Death...

    Authors: Ali Shamseddine, Youssef H. Zeidan, Ziad El Husseini, Malek Kreidieh, Monita Al Darazi, Rim Turfa, Joseph Kattan, Ibrahim Khalifeh, Deborah Mukherji, Sally Temraz, Kholoud Alqasem, Rula Amarin, Tala Al Awabdeh, Samer Deeba, Faek Jamali, Issa Mohamad…
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:233
  13. There is an increasing application of moderately hypofractionated radiotherapy for prostate cancer. We presented our outcomes and treatment-related toxicities with moderately hypofractionated (67.5 Gy in 25 fr...

    Authors: Lihong Yao, Jianzhong Shou, Shulian Wang, Yongwen Song, Hui Fang, Ningning Lu, Yuan Tang, Bo Chen, Shunan Qi, Yong Yang, Hao Jing, Jing Jin, Zihao Yu, Yexiong Li and Yueping Liu
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:231
  14. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of nimotuzumab in patients with locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (LA-NPC).

    Authors: Zhaodong Fei, Ting Xu, Mengying Li, Taojun Chen, Li Li, Xiufang Qiu and Chuanben Chen
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:230
  15. Conservative surgery followed by breast and nodal irradiation is the standard loco-regional early breast cancer (BC) treatment for patients with four or more involved lymph nodes. However, the treatment strate...

    Authors: Manuel Algara López, Elvira Rodríguez García, Inmaculada Beato Tortajada, Francisco José Martínez Arcelus, Juan Salinas Ramos, José Reyes Rodríguez garrido, Xavier Sanz Latiesas, Ana Soler Rodríguez, Germán Juan Rijo and Amanda Flaquer García
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:229
  16. This article aims to evaluate the diagnostic value of 68Gallium-PSMA positron emission tomography/computerized tomography (68Ga-PSMA PET/CT) for lymph node (LN) staging in patients with prostate cancer (PCa) by a...

    Authors: Lei Peng, Jinze Li, Chunyang Meng, Jinming Li, Chengyu You, Dandan Tang, Tangqiang Wei, Wei Xiong and Yunxiang Li
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:227
  17. COVID-19 in Italy has led to the need to reorganize hospital protocols with a significant risk of interruption to cancer treatment programs. In this report, we will focus on a management model covering the two...

    Authors: Luciana Caravatta, Consuelo Rosa, Maria Bernadette Di Sciascio, Andrea Tavella Scaringi, Angelo Di Pilla, Lucia Anna Ursini, Maria Taraborrelli, Annamaria Vinciguerra, Antonietta Augurio, Monica Di Tommaso, Marianna Trignani, Marianna Nuzzo, Maria Daniela Falco, Andrea De Nicola, Nico Adorante, Fabiola Patani…
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:226
  18. Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) has been increasingly applied for up to 10 brain metastases instead of whole brain radiation therapy (WBRT) to achieve local tumor control while reducing neurotoxicity. Furtherm...

    Authors: Gueliz Acker, Seyed-Morteza Hashemi, Josch Fuellhase, Anne Kluge, Alfredo Conti, Markus Kufeld, Anita Kreimeier, Franziska Loebel, Melina Kord, Diana Sladek, Carmen Stromberger, Volker Budach, Peter Vajkoczy and Carolin Senger
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:225
  19. In addition to the direct effects of irradiation, the induced inflammatory response may play an important role in the damage to the inner ear caused by radiotherapy for the treatment of head and neck cancers. ...

    Authors: Jie Zhang, Anting Xu, Tingting Niu, Chengcheng Liu, Yongju Zhang, Tao Li, Jihua Wang, Yongjing Wang and Dianshui Sun
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:223
  20. Squamous metaplasia (SM) is an irreversible form of airway epithelial remodeling. Hyperproliferation of basal cells was observed in squamous metaplastic epithelium of chronically inflamed airway. However, the ...

    Authors: Hongming Huang, Kai Sen Tan, Suizi Zhou, Tian Yuan, Jing Liu, Hsiao Hui Ong, Qianmin Chen, Junxiao Gao, Minghong Xu, Zhenchao Zhu, Qianhui Qiu and De Yun Wang
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:222
  21. The prognostic significance of cardiac radiation dose in esophageal cancer after definitive concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) remains largely unknown. We aimed to investigate the association between cardiac ...

    Authors: Tzu-Hui Pao, Wei-Lun Chang, Nai-Jung Chiang, Jeffrey Shu-Ming Chang, Chia-Ying Lin, Wu-Wei Lai, Yau-Lin Tseng, Yi-Ting Yen, Ta-Jung Chung and Forn-Chia Lin
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:221
  22. We aimed to explore the efficacy of orbital radiotherapy (RT) in patients with moderate-to-severe active Graves’ orbitopathy (GO), including long-lasting disease, and to determine the predictive factors associ...

    Authors: Jin Hwa Choi and Jeong Kyu Lee
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:220
  23. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of different treatment strategies and the potential prognostic factors of esthesioneuroblastoma (ENB).

    Authors: Meng Sun, Kai Wang, Yuan Qu, Jianghu Zhang, Shiping Zhang, Xuesong Chen, Jingbo Wang, Runye Wu, Ye Zhang, Junlin Yi, Jianping Xiao, Guozhen Xu, Xiaodong Huang and Jingwei Luo
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:219
  24. To compare long-term disease-related outcomes and late radiation morbidity between intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) and three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT) in head and neck squamous c...

    Authors: Tejpal Gupta, Shwetabh Sinha, Sarbani Ghosh-Laskar, Ashwini Budrukkar, Naveen Mummudi, Monali Swain, Reena Phurailatpam, Kumar Prabhash and Jai Prakash Agarwal
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:218
  25. Ultrahypofractionation using stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) is an increasingly utilized technique for men with prostate cancer (PC). The comparative efficacy of SBRT plus androgen deprivation therapy (A...

    Authors: Sagar A. Patel, Jeffrey M. Switchenko, Ben Fischer-Valuck, Chao Zhang, Brent S. Rose, Ronald C. Chen, Ashesh B. Jani and Trevor J. Royce
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:217
  26. To report on our clinical experience with a newly implemented workflow for radiotherapy (RT) emergency treatments, which allows for a fast treatment application outside the regular working-hours, and its clini...

    Authors: Lukas Nierer, Franziska Walter, Maximilian Niyazi, Roel Shpani, Guillaume Landry, Sebastian Marschner, Rieke von Bestenbostel, Dominika Dinkel, Gabriela Essenbach, Michael Reiner, Claus Belka and Stefanie Corradini
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:215
  27. Lung, breast, and esophageal cancer represent three common malignancies with high incidence and mortality worldwide. The management of these tumors critically relies on radiotherapy as a major part of multi-mo...

    Authors: Lukas Käsmann, Alexander Dietrich, Claudia A. Staab-Weijnitz, Farkhad Manapov, Jürgen Behr, Andreas Rimner, Branislav Jeremic, Suresh Senan, Dirk De Ruysscher, Kirsten Lauber and Claus Belka
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:214
  28. To analyze the patterns of locoregional recurrence in breast cancer patients after mastectomy.

    Authors: Xuran Zhao, Yu Tang, Shulian Wang, Yong Yang, Hui Fang, Jianyang Wang, Hao Jing, Jianghu Zhang, Guangyi Sun, Siye Chen, Jing Jin, Yongwen Song, Yueping Liu, Bo Chen, Shunan Qi, Ning Li…
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:212
  29. The goal of this study was to assess small bowel motion and explore the feasibility of using peritoneal space (PS) to replace bowel loops (BL) via the dose constraint method to spare the small bowel during int...

    Authors: Siyuan Li, Yanping Gong, Yongqiang Yang, Qi Guo, Jianjun Qian and Ye Tian
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:211
  30. Early-stage primary gastrointestinal (GI) low-grade B-cell lymphoma shows good therapeutic response to primary radiotherapy. However, there is no clear guideline for the evaluation of response to radiation the...

    Authors: Kyu Hye Choi, Han Hee Lee, Seung-Eun Jung, Kyung-Sin Park, Joo-Hyun O, Young-Woo Jeon, Byung-Ock Choi and Seok-Goo Cho
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:210
  31. Treatment for locally recurrent rectal cancer after surgery is still a challenge. With the physical and biological advantages, carbon-ion radiotherapy (CIRT) could be a choice for these patients. The purpose o...

    Authors: Xin Cai, Yueyao Du, Zheng Wang, Ping Li, Zhan Yu, Qing Zhang and Zhen Zhang
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:209
  32. To perform a clinical audit to assess adherence to standard clinical practice for the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of patients undergoing radiotherapy for rectal cancer treatment in four European countr...

    Authors: Magdalena Fundowicz, Artur Aguiar, Carla Lopes de Castro, Maria Glòria Torras, Letizia Deantonio, Ewelina Konstanty, Marta Kruszyna-Mochalska, Miquel Macia, Eugeni Canals, Monica Caro, Carla Pisani, Dorota Zwierzchowska, Jaume Molero, Arantxa Eraso, Joana Lencart, Carles Muñoz-Montplet…
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:208
  33. There was no study investigating real-world utilization and outcome of LCT in Osimertinib-treated NSCLC with oligo-residual disease. This study was to analyze the clinical value of local consolidative therapy ...

    Authors: Ya Zeng, Jianjiao Ni, Fan Yu, Yue Zhou, Yang Zhao, Shuyan Li, Tiantian Guo, Li Chu, Xi Yang, Xiao Chu, Xuwei Cai and Zhengfei Zhu
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:207
  34. This study aimed to analyze the oncological long-term results and late toxicity of carbon ion-based radiotherapy (RT) of patients with sacral chordoma and to identify potential prognostic factors for local con...

    Authors: Tilman Bostel, Matthias Mattke, Nils Henrik Nicolay, Thomas Welzel, Daniel Wollschläger, Sati Akbaba, Arnulf Mayer, Tanja Sprave, Jürgen Debus and Matthias Uhl
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:206
  35. To assess the efficacy and safety of recombinant human endostatin in combination with radiotherapy (RT) or concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) in patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (LA-N...

    Authors: Shu-Ling Zhang, Cheng-Bo Han, Li Sun, Le-Tian Huang and Jie-Tao Ma
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:205
  36. To perform quantitative analysis on the efficacy of using relative cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in arterial spin labeling (ASL), relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV) in dynamic magnetic sensitivity contrast-enh...

    Authors: Jixin Luan, Mingzhen Wu, Xiaohui Wang, Lishan Qiao, Guifang Guo and Chuanchen Zhang
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:204
  37. In head and neck cancer (HNC), the relationship between a delay in starting radiotherapy (RT) and the outcome is unclear. The aim of the present study was to determine the impact of the amount of time before t...

    Authors: Barbara Žumer, Maja Pohar Perme, Simona Jereb and Primož Strojan
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:202
  38. Radiotherapy for breast cancer (BC) and its resulting cardiac exposure are associated with subclinical left ventricular dysfunction characterized by early decrease of global longitudinal strain (LS) measuremen...

    Authors: Valentin Walker, Olivier Lairez, Olivier Fondard, Gaëlle Jimenez, Jérémy Camilleri, Loïc Panh, David Broggio, Marie-Odile Bernier, Dominique Laurier, Jean Ferrières and Sophie Jacob
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:201
  39. Immobilization devices are crucial to minimize patient positioning uncertainties in radiotherapy (RT) treatments. Accurate inter and intra-fraction motions is particularly important for intracranial and stereo...

    Authors: Chin Loon Ong, Niccolò Giaj-Levra, Luca Nicosia, Vanessa Figlia, Davide Tomasini, Eric M. Franken and Filippo Alongi
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:200
  40. We read the article entitled “Impact of hydrogel peri-rectal spacer insertion on prostate gland intra-fraction motion during 1.5 T MR-guided stereotactic body radiotherapy” with great interest. In that study, ...

    Authors: Hamed Ghaffari, Mahmoud Navaser and Soheila Refahi
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:199
  41. Although the 21-gene recurrence score (RS) assay is widely used to predict distant recurrence risk and benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy among women with hormone receptor-positive (HR+) breast cancer, the rel...

    Authors: David D. Yang, Daniela L. Buscariollo, Angel M. Cronin, Shicheng Weng, Melissa E. Hughes, Richard J. Bleicher, Adam L. Cohen, Sara H. Javid, Stephen B. Edge, Beverly Moy, Joyce C. Niland, Antonio C. Wolff, Michael J. Hassett and Rinaa S. Punglia
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:198
  42. Patients with resected oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OCSCC) are often treated with adjuvant radiation (RT) ± concomitant chemotherapy based on pathological findings. Standard RT volumes include all surg...

    Authors: Pencilla Lang, Jessika Contreras, Noah Kalman, Claire Paterson, Houda Bahig, Astrid Billfalk-Kelly, Sinead Brennan, Kathy Rock, Nancy Read, Varagur Venkatesan, Jinka Sathya, Lucas C. Mendez, S. Danielle MacNeil, Anthony C. Nichols, Kevin Fung, Adrian Mendez…
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:196
  43. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) involving a major branch of the portal or hepatic vein is in a locally advanced stage and remains difficult to cure. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical effects of carbon i...

    Authors: Shintaro Shiba, Kei Shibuya, Masahiko Okamoto, Shohei Okazaki, Shuichiro Komatsu, Yoshiki Kubota, Takashi Nakano and Tatsuya Ohno
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:195
  44. We sought to investigate the prognostic impact of missed RT sessions in patients who had undergone surgery for oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OCSCC).

    Authors: Yin-Yin Chiang, Yung-Chih Chou, Kai-Ping Chang, Chun-Ta Liao, Yao-Yu Wu, Wing-Keen Yap, Ping-Ching Pai, Joseph Tung-Chieh Chang, Chien-Yu Lin, Kang-Hsing Fan, Bing-Shen Huang, Tsung-Min Hung and Ngan-Ming Tsang
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:194
  45. This study was an open-label, 2-arms, monocentric, randomized clinical trial comparing Xonrid®, a topical medical device, versus standard of care (SOC) in preventing and treating acute radiation dermatitis (AR...

    Authors: Rossana Ingargiola, Maria Carmen De Santis, Nicola Alessandro Iacovelli, Nadia Facchinetti, Anna Cavallo, Eliana Ivaldi, Michela Dispinzieri, Marzia Franceschini, Carlotta Giandini, Domenico Attilio Romanello, Simona Di Biaso, Michela Sabetti, Laura Locati, Salvatore Alfieri, Paolo Bossi, Mauro Guglielmo…
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:193
  46. To develop a low-dose cone beam CT (LD-CBCT) reconstruction method named simultaneous algebraic reconstruction technique and dual-dictionary learning (SART-DDL) joint algorithm for image guided radiation thera...

    Authors: Ying Song, Weikang Zhang, Hong Zhang, Qiang Wang, Qing Xiao, Zhibing Li, Xing Wei, Jialu Lai, Xuetao Wang, Wan Li, Quan Zhong, Pan Gong, Renming Zhong and Jun Zhao
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:192
  47. Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic had an overwhelming impact on healthcare worldwide. Outstandingly, the aftermath on neoplastic patients is still largely unknown, and only isolated cases of COVID-1...

    Authors: Michela Buglione, Luigi Spiazzi, Andrea Emanuele Guerini, Fernando Barbera, Nadia Pasinetti, Ludovica Pegurri, Luca Triggiani, Davide Tomasini, Diana Greco, Gianluca Costantino, Alessandra Bragaglio, Nadia Bonometti, Mara Liccioli, Lorella Mascaro, Filippo Alongi and Stefano Maria Magrini
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:191
  48. Intensity-modulated re-radiotherapy (reIMRT) has been established as a standard local treatment option in patients with non-resectable, recurrent head and neck cancer (rHNC). However, the clinical outcome is u...

    Authors: Thomas Held, Kristin Lang, Sebastian Regnery, Katharina Weusthof, Adriane Hommertgen, Cornelia Jäkel, Eric Tonndorf-Martini, Johannes Krisam, Peter Plinkert, Karim Zaoui, Christian Freudlsperger, Julius Moratin, Jürgen Krauss, Semi B. Harrabi, Klaus Herfarth, Jürgen Debus…
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:190
  49. Leptomeningeal metastasis (LM) is a rare but detrimental complication in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Although whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) is used to eliminating cancer cells or micros...

    Authors: Junjie Zhen, Lei Wen, Mingyao Lai, Zhaoming Zhou, Changguo Shan, Shaoqun Li, Tao Lin, Jie Wu, Wensheng Wang, Shaoqiang Xu, Da Liu, Ming Lu, Dan Zhu, Longhua Chen, Linbo Cai and Cheng Zhou
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:185

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