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Clinical Radiation Oncology

Section edited by Stephanie Combs, Pirus Ghadjar, Matthias Guckenberger, Daniel Habermehl, Silke Nachbichler, Maximilian Niyazi, and Falk Roeder

The Clinical Radiation Oncology section aims to provide a platform for clinical research in radiation oncology. Research includes innovative early phase and later stage clinical trials, technical approaches, review articles on “burning” clinical questions, invited key reviews, RT planning studies, multimodal therapy, data mining from retrospective cohorts in a hypothesis-generating manner, interconnection between imaging and improved target delineation, and intensity modulation/high precision techniques. The section addresses current, timely and cutting- edge research and reviews about clinically relevant issues in radiation oncology, while offering a fast review process.

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  1. One of the main limiting factors of whole-brain radiation therapy (WBRT) for primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is the impairment of neurocognitive functions (NCFs), which is mainly caused by radi...

    Authors: Ciro Mazzarella, Silvia Chiesa, Lucrezia Toppi, Stefan Hohaus, Simona Gaudino, Francesco D’Alo, Nicola Dinapoli, Resta Davide, Tiziano Zinicola, Serena Bracci, Antonella Martino, Francesco Beghella Bartoli, Elisabetta Lepre, Roberta Bertolini, Silvia Mariani, Cesare Colosimo…
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2023 18:161
  2. The incidence of head and neck cancers (HNC) is rising worldwide especially with HPV-related oropharynx squamous cell carcinoma. The standard of care for the majority of patients with locally advanced pharynge...

    Authors: Tai Ermongkonchai, Richard Khor, Morikatsu Wada, Eddie Lau, Daniel Tao Xing and Sweet Ping Ng
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2023 18:20
  3. The ESTRO-ACROP Consensus Guideline (EACG) recommends implant excluded clinical target volume (CTVp) definitions for post-mastectomy radiation therapy after implant-based immediate breast reconstruction (IBR)....

    Authors: Evren Ozan Göksel, Evrim Tezcanli, Alptekin Arifoğlu, Halil Küçücük, Öznur Şenkesen, Ufuk Abacıoğlu, Işık Aslay and Meriç Şengöz
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2022 17:168
  4. Using real-world evidence, this study aimed to identify elderly nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients who would benefit from chemotherapy.

    Authors: Yan-Ling Wu, Kai-Bin Yang, Ying Huang, Jing-Rong Shi, Qing-Shui He, Lei Chen, Wen-Fei Li, Xiao-Dan Huang, Li Lin, Yu-Pei Chen, Yan-Ping Mao, Ling-Long Tang and Jun Ma
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2022 17:138
  5. tumor recurrence after NSCLC surgical resection is the most common cause of treatment failure that sharply reduces the patient’s life expectancy. The optimal treatment strategy for loco-regional recurrences de...

    Authors: Paolo Borghetti, Jessica Imbrescia, Giulia Volpi, Vieri Scotti, Michele Aquilano, Alessio Bruni, Davide Franceschini, Stefano Ursino, Patrizia Ciammella, Gaia Piperno, Maria Taraborrelli and Stefano Maria Magrini
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2022 17:124
  6. In radiation treatment of locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (LA-NSCLC), ‘margins’ from internal target volumes to planning target volumes in the range of 12 to 23 mm are reported, and avoiding exposu...

    Authors: Karl Wurstbauer, Margit Kazil, Marco Meinschad, Raoul Pinter, Catharina De Vries, Patrick Clemens, Christof Kreuter, Tamara Hernler, Wolfgang Hitzl, Peter Cerkl, Thomas Künzler and Alexander De Vries
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2022 17:120
  7. Pure mucinous breast cancer is a rare subtype of invasive breast cancer with favorable prognosis, in which the effect of postoperative radiotherapy remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the prognostic value...

    Authors: Qiuping Mo, Yongzhen Wang, JinLan Shan and Xiaochen Wang
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2022 17:119
  8. Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is an uncommon malignancy with high recurrent rate and poor prognosis. This study investigates the recurrent patterns of postoperative GBC, with the aim to guide the adjuvant treatment...

    Authors: Zhijun Yuan, Yongjie Shui, Lihong Liu, Yinglu Guo and Qichun Wei
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2022 17:118
  9. Surgical resection with adjuvant concurrent radiochemotherapy is the standard of care for stage III–IV oral cavity cancer. In some cases, the dynamic course of the disease is out of the prepared schedule of tr...

    Authors: Paweł Polanowski, Agnieszka Pietruszka, Dorota Księżniak-Baran, Aleksandra Grządziel, Ewa Chmielik, Marek Kentnowski, Natalia Amrogowicz, Krzysztof Składowski and Katarzyna Polanowska
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2022 17:103
  10. We investigated the prognostic impact of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) and whether modifiable factors in radiotherapy (RT) influenced the NLR.

    Authors: Gowoon Yang, Jee Suk Chang, Jeong Eun Choi, Eun Sil Baek, Seung-Seob Kim, Hwa Kyung Byun, Yeona Cho, Woong Sub Koom, Seung Yoon Yang, Byung Soh Min and Sang Joon Shin
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2022 17:100
  11. High dose chemoradiotherapy offers a curative chance for patients with rectal cancer that are unfit or unwilling to undergo surgical resection, yet its long-term survival and functional outcomes have been rare...

    Authors: Qiao-Xuan Wang, Shu Zhang, Wei-Wei Xiao, Cheng-Jing Zhou, Hui Chang, Zhi-Fan Zeng, Pei-Qiang Cai, Zhen-Hai Lu, Gong Chen, Pei-Rong Ding, Zhi-Zhong Pan, Xiao-Jun Wu and Yuan-Hong Gao
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2022 17:98
  12. In most of the views, rectal stenosis after anterior resection for rectal cancer results from pelvic radiotherapy. However, patients without receiving radiotherapy also suffer stenosis. In this study, we evalu...

    Authors: Hui Zhang, Shanshan Li, Xin Jin, Xian Wu, Zhiyuan Zhang, Lijun Shen, Juefeng Wan, Yan Wang, Yaqi Wang, Wang Yang, Menglong Zhou, Jing Zhang, Tao Lv, Yun Deng, Fan Xia and Zhen Zhang
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2022 17:93
  13. Established prognostic models, such as the diagnosis-specific graded prognostic assessment, were not designed to specifically address very short survival. Therefore, a brain metastases-specific 30-day mortalit...

    Authors: Carsten Nieder, Luka Stanisavljevic, Siv Gyda Aanes, Bård Mannsåker and Ellinor Christin Haukland
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2022 17:92
  14. To analyze the prognostic factors associated with stage IB-IVA cervical cancer in patients who underwent concurrent chemoradiation therapy (CCRT) and to compare the clinical toxicities and dosimetric parameter...

    Authors: Yuan-Kai Cheng, Shih-Hsun Kuo, Heng-Hsuan Yen, Jing-Hu Wu, Yu-Chieh Chen and Ming-Yii Huang
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2022 17:91
  15. Recently, stereotacitc radiosurgery (SRS) has been in the spotlight as an alternative therapeutic option for jugular foramen schwannomas (JFS). While most reported studies focus on the long-term efficacy and s...

    Authors: Young Goo Kim, Chang Kyu Park, Na Young Jung, Hyun Ho Jung, Jong Hee Chang, Jin Woo Chang and Won Seok Chang
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2022 17:89
  16. We sought to clarify the optimal follow-up, therapeutic strategy, especially the role of reirradiation, and the diagnostic impact of isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) 1 and 2 mutation status in patients with radiati...

    Authors: Makoto Ohno, Yasuji Miyakita, Masamichi Takahashi, Shunsuke Yanagisawa, Yukie Tamura, Daisuke Kawauchi, Miyu Kikuchi, Hiroshi Igaki, Akihiko Yoshida, Kaishi Satomi, Yuko Matsushita, Koichi Ichimura and Yoshitaka Narita
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2022 17:85
  17. To gain insight into the treatment outcomes for anal cancer a retrospective analysis was performed with a special emphasis on trends in outcome and toxicities over time and on treatment of elderly patients.

    Authors: Karen J. Neelis, Django M. Kip, Frank M. Speetjens and Yvette M. van der Linden
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2022 17:81
  18. Predicting pathological complete response (pCR) in patients affected by locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) who undergo neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) is a challenging field of investigation, but many ...

    Authors: Luca Boldrini, Jacopo Lenkowicz, Lucia Clara Orlandini, Gang Yin, Davide Cusumano, Giuditta Chiloiro, Nicola Dinapoli, Qian Peng, Calogero Casà, Maria Antonietta Gambacorta, Vincenzo Valentini and Jinyi Lang
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2022 17:78
  19. Radiotherapy (RT) is part of the curative treatment of approximately 70% of breast cancer (BC) patients. Wide practice variation has been reported in RT dose, fractionation and its treatment planning for BC. T...

    Authors: Nansi Maliko, Marcel R. Stam, Liesbeth J. Boersma, Marie-Jeanne T. F. D. Vrancken Peeters, Michel W. J. M. Wouters, Eline KleinJan, Maurice Mulder, Marion Essers, Coen W. Hurkmans and Nina Bijker
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2022 17:73
  20. We compared the oncological outcomes of patients who received seed brachytherapy (SEED-BT) with those who received radical prostatectomy (RP) for intermediate-risk prostate cancer.

    Authors: Hideyasu Tsumura, Nobumichi Tanaka, Tomohiko Oguchi, Takuya Owari, Yasushi Nakai, Isao Asakawa, Kazuyoshi Iijima, Haruaki Kato, Iwao Hashida, Ken-ichi Tabata, Takefumi Satoh and Hiromichi Ishiyama
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2022 17:71
  21. To quantify the pelvic bone marrow (PBM) fat content changes receiving different radiation doses of concurrent chemoradiotherapy for cervical cancer and to determine association with peripheral blood cell counts.

    Authors: Cong Wang, Xiaohang Qin, Guanzhong Gong, Lizhen Wang, Ya Su and Yong Yin
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2022 17:70
  22. To report results from our phase II study of stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) delivering 36 Gy in 4 fractions for patients with localized prostate cancer.

    Authors: S. Kawakami, H. Tsumura, T. Satoh, K. Tabata, A. Sekiguchi, T. Kainuma, M. Nakano, M. Iwamura and H. Ishiyama
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2022 17:67
  23. The use of treatment planning prostate MRI for Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy (SBRT) is largely a standard, yet not all patients can receive MRI for a variety of clinical reasons. Thus, we aim to investig...

    Authors: Katherine Amarell, Anna Jaysing, Christopher Mendez, Jonathan A. Haas, Seth R. Blacksburg, Aaron E. Katz, Astrid Sanchez, Angela Tong, Todd Carpenter, Matthew Witten, Sean P. Collins and Jonathan W. Lischalk
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2022 17:66
  24. Automatic prostate tumor segmentation is often unable to identify the lesion even if multi-parametric MRI data is used as input, and the segmentation output is difficult to verify due to the lack of clinically...

    Authors: Deepa Darshini Gunashekar, Lars Bielak, Leonard Hägele, Benedict Oerther, Matthias Benndorf, Anca-L. Grosu, Thomas Brox, Constantinos Zamboglou and Michael Bock
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2022 17:65
  25. There is currently no standard treatment for locoregional recurrence of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) previously treated with radiotherapy. This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of re-...

    Authors: Kuntian Lan and Jiaohong Chen
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2022 17:61
  26. The low incidence of primary mediastinal seminomas has precluded the development of clinical trials on mediastinal seminomas. We investigated the clinicopathologic characteristics, prognosis of patients with p...

    Authors: Yirui Zhai, Bo Chen, Xiaoli Feng, Kan Liu, Shulian Wang, Zhouguang Hui, Qinfu Feng, Junling Li, Zefen Xiao, Jima Lv, Yushun Gao, Yueping Liu, Hui Fang, Jianyang Wang, Lei Deng, Wenyang Liu…
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2022 17:58
  27. The aim of the study is to identify clinical and dosimetric factors that could predict the risk of hypothyroidism in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients following intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT).

    Authors: Ruiping Zhai, Yingchen Lyu, Mengshan Ni, Fangfang Kong, Chengrun Du, Chaosu Hu and Hongmei Ying
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2022 17:57
  28. Interstitial pneumonia (IP) is a disease with a poor prognosis. In addition, IP patients are more likely to develop lung cancer. Since IP patients frequently develop toxicities during cancer treatment, minimal...

    Authors: Shingo Hashimoto, Hiromitsu Iwata, Yukiko Hattori, Koichiro Nakajima, Kento Nomura, Kensuke Hayashi, Toshiyuki Toshito, Eiko Yamamori, Kenji Akita, Jun-etsu Mizoe, Hiroyuki Ogino and Yuta Shibamoto
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2022 17:56
  29. Hybrid magnetic resonance (MR)-Linac systems have recently been introduced into clinical practice. The systems allow online adaption of the treatment plan with the aim of compensating for interfractional anato...

    Authors: Lukas Nierer, Chukwuka Eze, Vanessa da Silva Mendes, Juliane Braun, Patrick Thum, Rieke von Bestenbostel, Christopher Kurz, Guillaume Landry, Michael Reiner, Maximilian Niyazi, Claus Belka and Stefanie Corradini
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2022 17:53
  30. To summarize the characteristics of local invasion and distribution of metastatic lymph nodes in unilateral nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to provide references for the opti...

    Authors: Zheng Wu, Lin Zhang, Qian He, Feiping Li, Hongzhi Ma, Yujuan Zhou, Hui Wang and Yaqian Han
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2022 17:52
  31. Upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) is rare and the treatment for recurrent or metastatic UTUC is unclear. We evaluated the outcomes of salvage and palliative radiotherapy (RT) and prognostic factors in UT...

    Authors: Mi Sun Kim, Woong Sub Koom, Jae Ho Cho, Se-Young Kim and Ik Jae Lee
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2022 17:51
  32. In-field dermatitis is a severe and common adverse effect of radiation therapy, that can cause significant pain and treatment interruptions in patients with squamous cell anal carcinoma (SCAC) being treated wi...

    Authors: Fabiana Hottz, Daniel Herchenhorn, Juliana Lenzi, Juliana Andrade, Vinicius Freire and Pedro Pinho
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2022 17:49
  33. To explore clinical and dosimetric predictors of acute hematologic toxicity (HT) in cervical cancer patients treated with concurrent chemotherapy and volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT).

    Authors: Xiaoyong Xiang, Zhen Ding, Qi Zeng, Lingling Feng, Chunyan Qiu, Dongjie Chen, Jiawei Lu and Ning Li
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2022 17:48
  34. To study lymphatic recurrence distribution after radical surgery in the real world and guide clinical tumor volume delineation for regional lymph nodes during postoperative radiotherapy for lower thoracic squa...

    Authors: Rongxu Du, Songqing Fan, Xiaobin Wang, Xia Hou, Cheng Zeng, Dan Guo, Rongrong Tian, Dan Yang, Leilei Jiang, Xin Dong, Rong Yu, Huiming Yu, Dongming Li, Shuchai Zhu, Jie Li and Anhui Shi
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2022 17:47
  35. Multimodal therapies based on surgical resection have been recommended for the treatment of adenocarcinoma of the oesophagogastric junction (AEG). We aimed to evaluate prognostic factors in AEG patients receiv...

    Authors: Rongxu Du, Jiao Ming, Jianhao Geng, Xianggao Zhu, Yangzi Zhang, Shuai Li, Zhiyan Liu, Hongzhi Wang, Zhilong Wang, Lei Tang, Xiaotian Zhang, Aiwen Wu, Zhaode Bu, Yan Yan, Zhongwu Li, Yongheng Li…
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2022 17:45
  36. Online MR-guided radiotherapy (MRgRT) is a relatively novel advancement in the field of radiation oncology, ensuring superior soft-tissue visualisation, allowing for online plan adaptation to anatomical and fu...

    Authors: Chukwuka Eze, Elia Lombardo, Lukas Nierer, Yuqing Xiong, Maximilian Niyazi, Claus Belka, Farkhad Manapov and Stefanie Corradini
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2022 17:43
  37. Some patients have noted a foul odor during radiation therapy sessions, but the cause of the odor remains unknown. Since we suspected that this phenomenon is due to ozone generated by ionizing radiation, this ...

    Authors: N. Hara, J. Oobuchi, A. Isobe, S. Sugimoto, J. Takatsu and K. Sasai
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2022 17:39
  38. The use of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) for tumor and pain control in patients with bone metastases is increasing. We report response assessment after bone SBRT using radiological changes through...

    Authors: Dora Correia, Barbara Moullet, Jennifer Cullmann, Rafael Heiss, Ekin ErmiÅŸ, Daniel M. Aebersold and Hossein Hemmatazad
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2022 17:37
  39. The impact of radiotherapy interruption due to the Spring Festival holidays in China on the survival of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is unclear.

    Authors: Cheng Xu, Kai-Bin Yang, Rui-Jia Feng, Lei Chen, Xiao-Jing Du, Yan-Ping Mao, Wen-Fei Li, Qing Liu, Ying Sun and Jun Ma
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2022 17:36
  40. This study aimed to investigate preoperative spirometry and BMI as early predictors of the mean heart and lung dose (MHD, MLD) in deep inspiration breath-hold (DIBH) radiotherapy.

    Authors: Yutaro Koide, Hidetoshi Shimizu, Takahiro Aoyama, Tomoki Kitagawa, Risei Miyauchi, Yui Watanabe, Hiroyuki Tachibana and Takeshi Kodaira
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2022 17:35
  41. Vaginal bleeding (VB) is common in women with gynecologic (GYN) malignancies. Radiation therapy (RT) is used for the definitive treatment of GYN cancers and palliation of bleeding. The historical dogma is that...

    Authors: Luke A. Moradi, Craig S. Schneider, Alok S. Deshane, Richard A. Popple, Robert Y. Kim and Samuel R. Marcrom
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2022 17:34
  42. To date, no data on the effect of adjuvant postmastectomy radiotherapy (PMRT) on oncologic outcomes, such as all-cause death, locoregional recurrence (LRR), and distant metastasis (DM), are available in women ...

    Authors: Jiaqiang Zhang, Shao-Yin Sum, Jeng-Guan Hsu, Ming-Feng Chiang, Tian-Shyug Lee and Szu-Yuan Wu
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2022 17:33
  43. Factors associated with long-term survival in gemcitabine-concurrent proton radiotherapy (GPT) for non-metastatic, locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC) remain unclear. This study aimed to determine the fa...

    Authors: Yuta Ogura, Kazuki Terashima, Yoshihide Nanno, SungChul Park, Masaki Suga, Daiki Takahashi, Yoshiro Matsuo, Nor Shazrina Sulaiman, Sunao Tokumaru, Tomoaki Okimoto, Hirochika Toyama and Takumi Fukumoto
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2022 17:32
  44. Several studies have reported patient-related risk factors for late rectal bleeding following conventionally fractionated radiotherapy for prostate cancer. We investigated patient-related risk factors for late...

    Authors: Tae Gyu Kim, Byungdo Park, Yun Gyu Song, Hyoun Wook Lee, Tae Hee Oh, Dong-Soo Ryu, Seung Chan Jeong, Daehyeon Cho, Jieun Oh, Kwang Min Kim, Jung Won Lee, Hyoun Soo Lee, Sung Min Kong, Jun Young Kim and Haeyoung Kim
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2022 17:30
  45. Stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) represents a highly heterogeneous disease and treatment burden. Advances in imaging modality show promising results for radiotherapy planning. In this multicentric ...

    Authors: Matthias Mäurer, Lukas Käsmann, Daniel F. Fleischmann, Michael Oertel, Danny Jazmati and Daniel Medenwald
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2022 17:29
  46. Current literature lacks a comparison of lymph node metastases and non-pathological lymph nodes distribution in breast cancer patients. The aim of the current retrospective study was to generate a comprehensiv...

    Authors: Kai J. Borm, Lucia Ernst, Julia Voppichler, Markus Oechsner, Mathias Düsberg, Gabriel Buschner, Wolfgang Weber, Stephanie E. Combs and Marciana N. Duma
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2022 17:27
  47. In the modern era of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) staging, the benefit of prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI) in patients with small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) has been controversial. This study evaluated ...

    Authors: Yu Jin Lim, Changhoon Song and Hak Jae Kim
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2022 17:26
  48. Artificial intelligence (AI) shows great potential to streamline the treatment planning process. However, its clinical adoption is slow due to the limited number of clinical evaluation studies and because ofte...

    Authors: Esther Kneepkens, Nienke Bakx, Maurice van der Sangen, Jacqueline Theuws, Peter-Paul van der Toorn, Dorien Rijkaart, Jorien van der Leer, Thérèse van Nunen, Els Hagelaar, Hanneke Bluemink and Coen Hurkmans
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2022 17:25
  49. Respiratory motion may introduce errors during radiotherapy. This study aims to assess and validate internal gross tumour volume (IGTV) margins in proximal and distal borders of gastroesophageal junction (GEJ)...

    Authors: Jinming Shi, Yuan Tang, Ning Li, Yongwen Song, Shulian Wang, Yueping Liu, Hui Fang, Ningning Lu, Yu Tang, Shunan Qi, Bo Chen, Yexiong Li, Wenyang Liu and Jing Jin
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2022 17:22

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