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Radiation Physics

Section edited by Christoph Bert and Katia Parodi

The Radiation Physics section aims at providing a platform for medical physics research and applications in radiation oncology. This includes innovative developments in the application of physical sciences to radiation oncology, spanning the broad range of advanced beam delivery and imaging, dosimetry, computation, modeling and data processing. Contributions proposing innovative methodological approaches or presenting original assessment on the clinical relevance of new technologies are welcome. Space is also given to review contributions on timely topics, as well as invited key reviews from renowned experts. Hence, the Radiation Physics section addresses contemporary cutting-edge research and methodological advancements for improved clinical practice, as well as reviews of relevant medical physics issues in radiation oncology, offering a fast review process and broad outreach.

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  1. Surface-guided radiation therapy (SGRT) employs a non-invasive real-time optical surface imaging (OSI) technique for patient surface motion monitoring during radiotherapy. The main purpose of this study is to ...

    Authors: Li Chen, Sen Bai, Guangjun Li, Zhibin Li, Qing Xiao, Long Bai, Changhu Li, Lixun Xian, Zhenyao Hu, Guyu Dai and Guangyu Wang
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:170
    Content type: Research Published on:

  2. Many dose calculation algorithms for radiotherapy planning need to be configured for each clinical beam using pre-defined measurements. An optimization process adjusts the physical parameters able to estimate ...

    Authors: A. Fogliata, E. Esposito, L. Paganini, G. Reggiori, S. Tomatis, M. Scorsetti and L. Cozzi
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:169
    Content type: Research Published on:

  3. The purpose was to evaluate the dosimetric effects in prostate cancer treatment caused by anatomical changes occurring during the time frame of adaptive replanning in a magnetic resonance linear accelerator (M...

    Authors: Annika Mannerberg, Emilia Persson, Joakim Jonsson, Christian Jamtheim Gustafsson, Adalsteinn Gunnlaugsson, Lars E. Olsson and Sofie Ceberg
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:168
    Content type: Research Published on:

  5. To evaluate dosimetric differences of salvage irradiations using two commercially available volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) techniques: RapidArc (RA) and Hype...

    Authors: Hsiu-Wen Ho, Steve P. Lee, Hisu-Man Lin, Hsiao-Yun Chen, Chun-Chiao Huang, Shih-Chang Wang, Ching-Chieh Yang and Yu-Wei Lin
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:164
    Content type: Research Published on:

  6. To explore the efficacy and sensitivity of 3D gamma analysis and bio-mathematical model for cervical cancer in detecting dose changes caused by dose-calculation-grid-size (DCGS).

    Authors: Han Bai, Sijin Zhu, Xingrao Wu, Xuhong Liu, Feihu Chen and Jiawen Yan
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:161
    Content type: Research Published on:

  7. Healthcare workers occupationally exposed to 18F-FDG cannot wear protective equipment, such as lead aprons, since the interaction between high energy radiation (511 keV) and metal increases the dose of radiation ...

    Authors: Nilson Benedito Lopes, Igor Vivian Almeida, Pedro Henrique Silvestre Lopes and Veronica Elisa Pimenta Vicentini
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:154
    Content type: Research Published on:

  8. Optimal alignment is of utmost importance when treating pediatric patients with craniospinal irradiation (CSI), especially with regards to field junctions and multiple isocenters and techniques applying high d...

    Authors: Daniel Gram, André Haraldsson, N. Patrik Brodin, Karsten Nysom, Thomas Björk-Eriksson and Per Munck af Rosenschöld
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:149
    Content type: Research Published on:

  9. PTV concept is presumed to introduce excessive and inconsistent GTV dose in lung stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT). That GTV median dose prescription (D50) and robust optimization are viable PTV–free solution...

    Authors: Ronnie Wing King Leung, Mark Ka Heng Chan, Chi-Leung Chiang, Matthew Wong and Oliver Blanck
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:130
    Content type: Research Published on:

  10. The targeting accuracy of proton therapy (PT) for moving soft-tissue tumours is expected to greatly improve by real-time magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) guidance. The integration of MRI and PT at the treatmen...

    Authors: Aswin Hoffmann, Bradley Oborn, Maryam Moteabbed, Susu Yan, Thomas Bortfeld, Antje Knopf, Herman Fuchs, Dietmar Georg, Joao Seco, Maria Francesca Spadea, Oliver Jäkel, Christopher Kurz and Katia Parodi
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:129
    Content type: Review Published on:

  11. To investigate the role of intensity-modulated proton therapy (IMPT) compared to volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT), realised with RapidArc and RapidPlan methods (RA_RP) for neoadjuvant radiotherapy in lo...

    Authors: Eren Celik, Wolfgang Baus, Christian Baues, Wolfgang Schröder, Alessandro Clivio, Antonella Fogliata, Marta Scorsetti, Simone Marnitz and Luca Cozzi
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:120
    Content type: Research Published on:

  12. Photo-neutrons are produced at the head of the medical linear accelerators (linac) by the interaction of high-energy photons, and patients receive a whole-body-absorbed dose from these neutrons. The current st...

    Authors: Younes Afkham, Asghar Mesbahi, Abdolali Alemi, Farhad Zolfagharpour and Nasrollah Jabbari
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:105
    Content type: Research Published on:

  13. Volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) adopted in post-mastectomy radiation therapy (PMRT) has the capacity to achieve highly conformal dose distributions. The research aims to evaluate the impact of position...

    Authors: Xiongfei Liao, Fan Wu, Junxiang Wu, Qian Peng, Xinghong Yao, Shengwei Kang, Yanqun Zhao and Lucia Clara Orlandini
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:103
    Content type: Research Published on:

  14. Automated brain tumor segmentation methods are computational algorithms that yield tumor delineation from, in this case, multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We present an automated segmentation method...

    Authors: Ekin Ermiş, Alain Jungo, Robert Poel, Marcela Blatti-Moreno, Raphael Meier, Urspeter Knecht, Daniel M. Aebersold, Michael K. Fix, Peter Manser, Mauricio Reyes and Evelyn Herrmann
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:100
    Content type: Research Published on:

  15. The integration of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for guidance in external beam radiotherapy has faced significant research and development efforts in recent years. The current availability of linear acceler...

    Authors: Christopher Kurz, Giulia Buizza, Guillaume Landry, Florian Kamp, Moritz Rabe, Chiara Paganelli, Guido Baroni, Michael Reiner, Paul J. Keall, Cornelis A. T. van den Berg and Marco Riboldi
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:93
    Content type: Review Published on:

  16. In most clinical trials, gold fiducial markers are implanted in the prostate to tune the table position before each radiation beam. Yet, it is unclear if a cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) should be perfor...

    Authors: Omar Jmour, Marouan Benna, Pierre Champagnol, Majed Ben Mrad, Anis Hamrouni, Layal Obeid, Chaimaa Lahmamssi, Amal Bousarsar, Nicolas Vial, Amel Rehailia-Blanchard, Sandrine Sotton, Meiling Lan, Julien Langrand-Escure, Alexis Vallard and Nicolas Magné
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:85
    Content type: Short report Published on:

  17. Retrospective studies on MRI-only radiotherapy have been presented. Widespread clinical implementations of MRI-only workflows are however limited by the absence of guidelines. The MR-PROTECT trial presents an ...

    Authors: Emilia Persson, Christian Jamtheim Gustafsson, Petra Ambolt, Silke Engelholm, Sofie Ceberg, Sven Bäck, Lars E. Olsson and Adalsteinn Gunnlaugsson
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:77
    Content type: Research Published on:

  18. Hypofractionated whole-breast irradiation is a standard adjuvant therapy for early-stage breast cancer. This study evaluates the plan quality and efficacy of an in-house-developed automated radiotherapy treatm...

    Authors: Ting-Chun Lin, Chih-Yuan Lin, Kai-Chiun Li, Jin-Huei Ji, Ji-An Liang, An-Cheng Shiau, Liang-Chih Liu and Ti-Hao Wang
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:67
    Content type: Research Published on:

  19. This work aims at clinically validating a graphical tool developed for treatment plan assessment, named SPIDERplan, by comparing the plan choices based on its scoring with the radiation oncologists (RO) clinic...

    Authors: Tiago Ventura, Joana Dias, Leila Khouri, Eduardo Netto, André Soares, Brigida da Costa Ferreira, Humberto Rocha and Maria do Carmo Lopes
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:64
    Content type: Research Published on:

  20. To compare treatment plans for interstitial high dose rate (HDR) liver brachytherapy with 192Ir calculated according to current-standard TG-43U1 protocol with model-based dose calculation following TG-186 protoco...

    Authors: Anna Sophie Duque, Stefanie Corradini, Florian Kamp, Max Seidensticker, Florian Streitparth, Christopher Kurz, Franziska Walter, Katia Parodi, Frank Verhaegen, Jens Ricke, Claus Belka, Gabriel Paiva Fonseca and Guillaume Landry
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:60
    Content type: Research Published on:

  21. To quantify tumor anatomic change of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients given passive-scattering proton therapy (PSPT) and intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) through 6–7 weeks of treatment, ...

    Authors: Mei Chen, Jinzhong Yang, Zhongxing Liao, Jiayi Chen, Cheng Xu, Xiaodong He, Xiaodong Zhang, Ronald X. Zhu and Heng Li
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:55
    Content type: Research Published on:

  22. The internal target volume (ITV) approach and the mid-ventilation (MidV) concept are the two main respiratory motion-management strategies under free breathing. The purpose of this work was to compare the actu...

    Authors: J. Bellec, F. Arab-Ceschia, J. Castelli, C. Lafond and E. Chajon
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:54
    Content type: Research Published on:

  23. Although whole brain radiation therapy (WBRT) provides palliation and prophylaxis, reduces local recurrence probability and improves overall survival, it is evident that WBRT is associated with neurocognitive ...

    Authors: Adams Hei Long Yuen, Po Man Wu, Alex Kai Leung Li and Philip Chung Yin Mak
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:42
    Content type: Research Published on:

  24. The STAR-TReC trial is an international multi-center, randomized, phase II study assessing the feasibility of short-course radiotherapy or long-course chemoradiotherapy as an alternative to total mesorectal ex...

    Authors: Roy P. J. van den Ende, Femke P. Peters, Ernst Harderwijk, Heidi Rütten, Liza Bouwmans, Maaike Berbee, Richard A. M. Canters, Georgiana Stoian, Kim Compagner, Tom Rozema, Mariska de Smet, Martijn P. W. Intven, Rob H. N. Tijssen, Jacqueline Theuws, Paul van Haaren, Baukelien van Triest…
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:41
    Content type: Research Published on:

  26. To ascertain the dosimetric performance of a new delivery system (the Halcyon system, H) equipped with dual-layer stacked multi-leaf collimator (MLC) for risk-adapted targets in cervix uteri cancer patients co...

    Authors: S. Panda, J. Swamidas, S. Chopra, A. Mangaj, A. Fogliata, P. Kupelian, J. P. Agarwal and L. Cozzi
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:22
    Content type: Research Published on:

  27. To explore the dosimetric improvement, delivery efficiency, and plan robustness for bilateral head and neck cancer (HNC) treatment utilizing a novel proton therapy technique – the spot-scanning proton arc (SPA...

    Authors: Gang Liu, Xiaoqiang Li, An Qin, Weili Zheng, Di Yan, Sheng Zhang, Craig Stevens, Peyman Kabolizadeh and Xuanfeng Ding
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:21
    Content type: Research Published on:

  28. To compare target coverage and dose to the organs at risk in two approaches to rectal cancer: a clinically implemented adaptive radiotherapy (ART) strategy using plan selection, and a non-adaptive (non-ART) st...

    Authors: R. de Jong, J. Visser, K. F. Crama, N. van Wieringen, J. Wiersma, E. D. Geijsen and A. Bel
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:13
    Content type: Research Published on:

  29. To investigate the role of intensity modulated proton therapy (IMPT) compared to volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) for advanced supradiaphragmatic Hodgkin’s lymphoma (HL) in young female patients by asse...

    Authors: Marta Scorsetti, Luca Cozzi, Pierina Navarria, Antonella Fogliata, Alexia Rossi, Davide Franceschini, Fiorenza De Rose, Ciro Franzese, Carmelo Carlo-Stella and Armando Santoro
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:12
    Content type: Research Published on:

  31. Intra-and inter-tumoral heterogeneity in growth dynamics and vascularity influence tumor response to radiation therapy. Quantitative imaging techniques capture these dynamics non-invasively, and these data can...

    Authors: David A. Hormuth II, Angela M. Jarrett and Thomas E. Yankeelov
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:4
    Content type: Research Published on:

  32. Cardiac activity could impact the accuracy of dose assessment for the heart, pericardium and left ventricular myocardium (LVM). The purpose of this study was to explore whether it is possible to perform dose a...

    Authors: Ying Tong, Guanzhong Gong, Ming Su and Yong Yin
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2019 14:242
    Content type: Research Published on:

  33. Helical tomotherapy has been applied to total marrow irradiation (HT-TMI). Our objective was to apply failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA) two times separated by 1 year to evaluate and improve the safety o...

    Authors: Jiuling Shen, Xiaoyong Wang, Di Deng, Jian Gong, Kang Tan, Hongli Zhao, Zhirong Bao, Jinping Xiao, An Liu, Yunfeng Zhou, Hui Liu and Conghua Xie
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2019 14:238
    Content type: Research Published on:

  34. In this study, a novel pelvic phantom was developed and used to assess the visibility and presence of artefacts from different types of commercial fiducial markers (FMs) on multi-modality imaging relevant to p...

    Authors: Sarah O. S. Osman, Emily Russell, Raymond B. King, Karen Crowther, Suneil Jain, Cormac McGrath, Alan R. Hounsell, Kevin M. Prise and Conor K. McGarry
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2019 14:237
    Content type: Research Published on:

  36. Tomotherapy-based total body irradiation (TBI) is performed using the head-first position (HFP) and feet-first position (FFP) due to treatment length exceeding the 135 cm limit. To reduce the dosimetric variat...

    Authors: Chae-Seon Hong, Min-Joo Kim, Jihun Kim, Kyung Hwan Chang, Kwangwoo Park, Dong Wook Kim, Min Cheol Han, Hong In Yoon, Jin Sung Kim and Ho Lee
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2019 14:233
    Content type: Research Published on:

  38. To develop a novel approach to accurately verify patient set up in proton radiotherapy, especially for the verification of the nozzle – body surface air gap and source-to-skin distance (SSD), the consistency a...

    Authors: Xiao Wang, Chi Ma, Rihan Davis, Rahul R. Parikh, Salma K. Jabbour, Bruce G. Haffty, Ning J. Yue, Ke Nie and Yin Zhang
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2019 14:224
    Content type: Research Published on:

  39. In order to locate an arteriovenous malformation, typically, a digital subtraction angiography (DSA) is carried out. To use the DSA for target definition an accurate image registration between CT and DSA is re...

    Authors: Daniel Schmidhalter, Dominik Henzen, Evelyn Herrmann, Werner Volken, Paul-Henry Mackeprang, Ekin Ermis, Hossein Hemmatazad, Jonas Honegger, Benjamin Haas, Michael K. Fix and Peter Manser
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2019 14:217
    Content type: Research Published on:

  40. PRIMO is a graphical environment based on PENELOPE Monte Carlo (MC) simulation of radiotherapy beams able to compute dose distribution in patients, from plans with different techniques. The dosimetric characte...

    Authors: Lucia Paganini, Giacomo Reggiori, Antonella Stravato, Valentina Palumbo, Pietro Mancosu, Francesca Lobefalo, Anna Gaudino, Antonella Fogliata, Marta Scorsetti and Stefano Tomatis
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2019 14:216
    Content type: Research Published on:

  41. The purpose of this study was to compare carbon-ion (C-ion), proton and photon radiotherapy (RT) plans with regard to dose reduction of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract by using a greater omentum spacer (GO spa...

    Authors: Masayoshi Yamada, Hiraku Sato, Yoshiro Ieko, Yuya Miyasaka, Takayuki Kanai, Natsuko Yano, Takashi Ono, Hiroko Akamatsu, Mayumi Harada, Mayumi Ichikawa, Yasushi Teranishi, Yasuhiro Kikuchi and Kenji Nemoto
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2019 14:207
    Content type: Research Published on:

  42. Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) was found effective in treating laryngeal cancer with only five treatment fractions by a recent clinical trial (NCT01984502, ClinicalTrials.gov). Nevertheless, this t...

    Authors: You Zhang, Tsuicheng Chiu, Jeffrey Dubas, Zhen Tian, Pam Lee, Xuejun Gu, Yulong Yan, David Sher, Robert Timmerman and Bo Zhao
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2019 14:193
    Content type: Research Published on:

  43. Patients treated with radiotherapy for head and neck (H&N) cancer often experience anatomical changes. The potential compromises to Planning Target Volume (PTV) coverage or Organ at Risk (OAR) sparing has prom...

    Authors: Louise Belshaw, Christina E. Agnew, Denise M. Irvine, Keith P. Rooney and Conor K. McGarry
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2019 14:189
    Content type: Research Published on:

  44. To determine if the performance of a knowledge based RapidPlan (RP) planning model could be improved with an iterative learning process, i.e. if plans generated by an RP model could be used as new input to re-...

    Authors: A. Fogliata, L. Cozzi, G. Reggiori, A. Stravato, F. Lobefalo, C. Franzese, D. Franceschini, S. Tomatis and M. Scorsetti
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2019 14:187
    Content type: Research Published on:

  45. To quantify the effects of the Bragg peak degradation due to lung tissue on treatment plans of lung cancer patients with spot scanning proton therapy and to give a conservative approximation of these effects.

    Authors: Kilian-Simon Baumann, Veronika Flatten, Uli Weber, Stefan Lautenschläger, Fabian Eberle, Klemens Zink and Rita Engenhart-Cabillic
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2019 14:183
    Content type: Research Published on:

    The Correction to this article has been published in Radiation Oncology 2020 15:29

  46. Vendor-independent Monte Carlo (MC) dose calculation (IDC) for patient-specific quality assurance of multi-leaf collimator (MLC) based CyberKnife treatments is used to benchmark and validate the commercial MC ...

    Authors: P.-H. Mackeprang, D. Vuong, W. Volken, D. Henzen, D. Schmidhalter, M. Malthaner, S. Mueller, D. Frei, W. Kilby, D. M. Aebersold, M. K. Fix and P. Manser
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2019 14:172
    Content type: Research Published on:

  47. To provide fast and accurate dose calculation in voxelized geometries for proton radiation therapy by implementing an adaptive step size algorithm in the proton macro Monte Carlo (pMMC) method.

    Authors: Reto Kueng, Daniel Frei, Werner Volken, Fabian Stuermlin, Marco F. M. Stampanoni, Daniel M. Aebersold, Peter Manser and Michael K. Fix
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2019 14:165
    Content type: Research Published on:

  48. The treatment of lung lesions with stereotactic body radiation therapy calls for highly conformal dose, which is evaluated by a number of metrics. Lung stereotactic body radiation therapy clinical trials const...

    Authors: David Hoffman, Irena Dragojević, Jeremy Hoisak, David Hoopes and Ryan Manger
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2019 14:162
    Content type: Research Published on:

  49. Target localization in radiation therapy is affected by numerous sources of uncertainty. Despite measures to minimize the breathing motion, the treatment of hypofractionated liver radiation therapy is further ...

    Authors: Gye Won Choi, Yelin Suh, Prajnan Das, Joseph Herman, Emma Holliday, Eugene Koay, Albert C. Koong, Sunil Krishnan, Bruce D. Minsky, Grace L. Smith, Cullen M. Taniguchi and Sam Beddar
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2019 14:154
    Content type: Research Published on:

  50. Heterogeneous target doses are a common by-product from attempts to improve normal tissue sparing in radiosurgery treatment planning. These regions of escalated dose within the target may increase tumor contro...

    Authors: William T. Hrinivich, Todd R. McNutt and Jeffrey J. Meyer
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2019 14:145
    Content type: Research Published on:
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Radiation Oncology

ISSN: 1748-717X

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