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Clinical Radiation Oncology

Section edited by Stephanie Combs, Pirus Ghadjar, Matthias Guckenberger, Daniel Habermehl, Silke Nachbichler, Maximilian Niyazi, and Falk Roeder

The Clinical Radiation Oncology section aims to provide a platform for clinical research in radiation oncology. Research includes innovative early phase and later stage clinical trials, technical approaches, review articles on “burning” clinical questions, invited key reviews, RT planning studies, multimodal therapy, data mining from retrospective cohorts in a hypothesis-generating manner, interconnection between imaging and improved target delineation, and intensity modulation/high precision techniques. The section addresses current, timely and cutting- edge research and reviews about clinically relevant issues in radiation oncology, while offering a fast review process.

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  1. MR-guided online adaptive stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) for prostate cancer aims to reduce toxicity by full compensation of interfractional uncertainties. However, the process of online adaptation...

    Authors: J. Schaule, M. Chamberlain, L. Wilke, M. Baumgartl, J. Krayenbühl, M. Zamburlini, M. Mayinger, N. Andratschke, S. Tanadini-Lang and M. Guckenberger
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:189
  2. To develop a risk model based on dosimetric metrics to predict local recurrence in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients treated with intensive modulated radiation therapy (IMRT).

    Authors: Wenjun Liao, Jinlan He, Zijian Liu, Maolang Tian, Jiangping Yang, Jiaqi Han and Jianghong Xiao
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:186
  3. To investigate the relationship between radiotherapy (RT) and the risk of cerebrovascular mortality (CVM) in head and neck cancer (HNC) survivors aged ≥ 65 years.

    Authors: Qing-Song He, Zhen-Ping Wang, Zhao-Jun Li, Ping Zhou, Chen-Lu Lian, San-Gang Wu and Si-Fang Chen
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:185
  4. The role of postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) in cardiovascular-pulmonary disease mortality in patients with stage IIIA-N2 resected non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains uncertain. The purpose of this pop...

    Authors: Xia Wang, Jiaqi Song, Jie Long, Zhimin Zeng and Anwen Liu
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:184
  5. Hybrid magnetic resonance (MR)-guided linear accelerators represent a new horizon in the field of radiation oncology. By harnessing the favorable combination of on-board MR-imaging with the possibility to dail...

    Authors: Francesco Cuccia, Filippo Alongi, Claus Belka, Luca Boldrini, Juliane Hörner-Rieber, Helen McNair, Michele Rigo, Maartje Schoenmakers, Maximilian Niyazi, Judith Slagter, Claudio Votta and Stefanie Corradini
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:183
  6. In patients with stage III melanoma, the use of adjuvant radiation therapy (RT) after lymph node dissection (LND) may be currently considered in selected high-risk patients to improve tumor control. Melanomas ...

    Authors: Adam R. Wolfe, Priyanka Chablani, Michael R. Siedow, Eric D. Miller, Steve Walston, Kari L. Kendra, Evan Wuthrick and Terence M. Williams
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:181
  7. To report preliminary data on treatment outcome and compliance to dose-intensified organ sparing SBRT for prostate cancer using a novel electromagnetic transmitter-based tracking system (RayPilot® System) to a...

    Authors: Raffaella Lucchini, Denis Panizza, Riccardo Ray Colciago, Veronica Vernier, Martina Camilla Daniotti, Valeria Faccenda and Stefano Arcangeli
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:180
  8. The purpose of the study was to assess the uterus motions and bladder volume changes of fractional movements in cervical sites throughout the external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) treatment.

    Authors: Xu Li, Lizhen Wang, Zhen Cui, Yukun Li, Pei Liu, Yungang Wang, Jinhong Zhu, Jianmin Zhu, Yong Yin and Zhenjiang Li
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:179

    The Correction to this article has been published in Radiation Oncology 2021 16:200

  9. There is limited evidence concerning radiotherapy for painful lymph node metastases (PLM). We evaluated the effectiveness of radiotherapy for PLM using the International Consensus Endpoint in a subgroup analys...

    Authors: Kohsei Yamaguchi, Tetsuo Saito, Ryo Toya, Etsushi Tomitaka, Tomohiko Matsuyama, Yoshiyuki Fukugawa, Takahiro Watakabe, Hirohito Otsuka and Natsuo Oya
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:178
  10. The SWORD trial is the first multicenter, single arm, phase II study assessing the safety and efficacy of a PD-1 inhibitor (Sintilimab), stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) and granulocyte–macrophage colony ...

    Authors: Jianjiao Ni, Yue Zhou, Lin Wu, Xinghao Ai, Xiaorong Dong, Qian Chu, Chengbo Han, Xiaofei Wang and Zhengfei Zhu
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:177
  11. The aim of this study was to compare the pattern of intra-patient spread of lymph-node (LN)-metastases within the mediastinum as assessed by 18F-FDG PET/CT and systematic endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbron...

    Authors: Maja Guberina, Kaid Darwiche, Hubertus Hautzel, Christoph Pöttgen, Nika Guberina, Thomas Gauler, Till Ploenes, Lale Umutlu, Dirk Theegarten, Clemens Aigner, Wilfried E. E. Eberhardt, Martin Metzenmacher, Marcel Wiesweg, Rüdiger Karpf-Wissel, Martin Schuler, Ken Herrmann…
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:176
  12. Proton beam therapy is a well-established treatment option for patients with uveal melanoma (UM). The treatment procedure, in general, includes placing radiopaque clips to ensure exact eye-positioning during r...

    Authors: Johannes Gollrad, Christopher Rabsahl, Aline-Isabel Riechardt, Jens Heufelder, Andrea Stroux, Ute Goerling, Antonia Joussen, Volker Budach and Dirk Boehmer
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:174
  13. This study aimed to investigate the effect of abdominal compression on tumour motion and target volume and to determine suitable planning target volume (PTV) margins for patients treated with lung stereotactic...

    Authors: Yuanjun Qi, Jianbin Li, Yingjie Zhang, Qian Shao, Xijun Liu, Fengxiang Li, Jinzhi Wang, Zhenxiang Li and Wei Wang
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:173
  14. To investigate risk factors for developing radiation-associated facial lymphedema (FL) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients after concurrent chemoradiation (CCRT).

    Authors: Donghyun Kim, Jiho Nam, Wontaek Kim, Dahl Park, Jihyeon Joo, Hosang Jeon and Yongkan Ki
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:172
  15. Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy (SBRT) has shown effectiveness in treating bone metastases to alleviate pain. The benefit of SBRT may be further harnessed especially when radiating disease from primary malignan...

    Authors: Eric K. Nguyen, Kimmen Quan, Sameer Parpia, Stephan Tran and Anand Swaminath
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:170
  16. To evaluate the influence of target dose heterogeneity on normal tissue dose sparing for peripheral lung tumor stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT).

    Authors: Zhigong Wei, Xingchen Peng, Yan Wang, Lianlian Yang, Ling He, Zheran Liu, Jingjing Wang, Xiaoli Mu, Ruidan Li and Jianghong Xiao
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:167
  17. Most anterior visual pathway meningiomas (AVPM) are benign and slow-growing, but these tumors may affect visual functions, including visual acuity (VA) and visual field (VF). Due to location, most are treated ...

    Authors: Leor Zach, Amir Agami, Orit Furman, Moshe Attia, Zvi Cohen, Iris Ben-Bassat Mizrachi, Guy Tam, Zion Zibly, Ouzi Nissim, Roberto Spiegelmann and Ruth Huna-Baron
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:166
  18. Multifocal manifestation of high-grade glioma is a rare disease with very unfavourable prognosis. The pathogenesis of multifocal glioma and pathophysiological differences to unifocal glioma are not fully under...

    Authors: Daniel Felix Fleischmann, Rudolph Schön, Stefanie Corradini, Raphael Bodensohn, Indrawati Hadi, Jan Hofmaier, Robert Forbrig, Niklas Thon, Mario Dorostkar, Claus Belka and Maximilian Niyazi
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:165
  19. The benefit and the risk profile of Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKRS) for intracerebral cavernoma remains incompletely defined in part due to the natural history of low incidence of bleeding and spontaneous regr...

    Authors: Chiung-Chyi Shen, Ming Hsi Sun, Meng-Yin Yang, Weir-Chiang You, Meei-Ling Sheu, Yen-Ju Chen, Ying Ju Chen, Jason Sheehan and Hung-Chuan Pan
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:164
  20. Advances in multi-modality treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) have resulted in low local recurrence rates, but around 30% of patients will still die from distant metastatic disease. In parallel...

    Authors: Catherine R. Hanna, Sean M. O’Cathail, Janet S. Graham, Mark Saunders, Leslie Samuel, Mark Harrison, Lynsey Devlin, Joanne Edwards, Daniel R. Gaya, Caroline A. Kelly, Liz-Anne Lewsley, Noori Maka, Paula Morrison, Louise Dinnett, Susan Dillon, Jacqueline Gourlay…
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:163

    The Correction to this article has been published in Radiation Oncology 2021 16:230

  21. Gastric bleeding negatively impacts the quality of life of patients with unresectable advanced gastric cancer and is frequently lethal. We investigated the efficacy of RT for palliation of gastric bleeding fro...

    Authors: Joongyo Lee, Hwa Kyung Byun, Woong Sub Koom, Yong Chan Lee and Jinsil Seong
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:161
  22. Disruption of the tumor-brain barrier in meningioma is a crucial factor in peritumoral brain edema (PTBE). We previously reported the possible effect of osteoporosis on the integrity of the arachnoid trabecula...

    Authors: Sang Mook Kang, Jae Min Kim, Jin Hwan Cheong, Je Il Ryu, Yu Deok Won, Young Soo Kim and Myung-Hoon Han
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:160
  23. Patients with low-grade gliomas (LGGs) harboring O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase promoter nonmethylation (MGMT-non-pM) have a particularly short survival and are great resistance to chemotherapy. The objec...

    Authors: Yanwei Liu, Yanong Li, Peng Wang, Li Chen, Jin Feng and Xiaoguang Qiu
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:157
  24. To investigate the treatment outcomes of passive scattering proton beam therapy using stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) or hypofractionated radiation therapy (RT) for inoperable patients or those who r...

    Authors: Unurjargal Bayasgalan, Sung Ho Moon, Jong Hwi Jeong, Tae Hyun Kim, Kwan Ho Cho and Yang-Gun Suh
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:155
  25. Common symptoms of oesophageal cancer are dysphagia, pain, and bleeding. These symptoms can be relieved with palliative radiotherapy. The aim of this study was to analyse the outcome of two different palliativ...

    Authors: Halla Sif Ólafsdóttir, Fredrik Klevebro, Nelson Ndegwa and Gabriella Alexandersson von Döbeln
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:153
  26. Treatment-related white blood cell (WBC) toxicity has been associated with an inferior prognosis in different malignancies, including anal cancer. The aim of the present study was to investigate predictors of ...

    Authors: Martin P. Nilsson, Anders Johnsson and Jonas Scherman
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:152
  27. Meningiomas express the somatostatin receptor (SSTR), which normal bone and brain lack. PET imaging with SSTR ligands such as 68 Ga-DOTATATE have been recently shown to aid in the imaging and identification of me...

    Authors: Emily S. Kowalski, Rahul Khairnar, Anton A. Gryaznov, Vivek Kesari, Antony Koroulakis, Prashant Raghavan, Wengen Chen, Graeme Woodworth and Mark Mishra
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:151
  28. The purpose of this study was to analyze the treatment efficacy and safety of stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy (SABR) boost for cervical cancer patients not amenable to brachytherapy.

    Authors: Tae Hoon Lee, Changhoon Song, In Ah Kim, Jae-Sung Kim, Yong Beom Kim, Kidong Kim, Jae Hong No, Dong Hoon Suh, Jin-Beom Chung and Keun-Yong Eom
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:148
  29. Image guidance in radiation oncology has resulted in significant improvements in the accuracy and precision of radiation therapy (RT). Recently, the resolution and quality of cone beam computed tomography (CBC...

    Authors: Whitney Sumner, Sangwoo S. Kim, Lucas Vitzthum, Kevin Moore, Todd Atwood, James Murphy, Sayuri Miyauchi, Joseph A. Califano, Loren K. Mell, Arno J. Mundt and Andrew B. Sharabi
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:147
  30. Radiochemotherapy (RCT) has been shown to induce changes in immune cell homeostasis which might affect antitumor immune responses. In the present study, we aimed to compare the composition and kinetics of majo...

    Authors: Minli Niu, Stephanie E. Combs, Annett Linge, Mechthild Krause, Michael Baumann, Fabian Lohaus, Nadja Ebert, Ingeborg Tinhofer, Volker Budach, Jens von der Grün, Franz Rödel, Anca-Ligia Grosu and Gabriele Multhoff
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:141
  31. The risk for radiation necrosis is lower in fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT) than in conventional radiotherapy, and 13-fraction SRT is our method of choice for the treatment of brain metastases ≥ a...

    Authors: Megumi Uto, Kengo Ogura, Tomohiro Katagiri, Keiichi Takehana and Takashi Mizowaki
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:140
  32. The study aims to analyze the clinical characteristics of head and neck mucosal melanoma (MMHN) and the effects of multiple treatment modalities on distant metastasis, recurrence and survival rates to provide ...

    Authors: Qing-Qing Xu, Yan-Zhen Lai, Zi-Lu Huang, Zi-Yi Zeng, Ya-Ni Zhang, Rui-Yao Ou, Wen-Min Wu, Lei Chen and Li-Xia Lu
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:138
  33. Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) followed by surgery is a currently widely used strategy for locally advanced esophageal cancer (EC). However, the conventional imaging methods have certain deficiencies in ...

    Authors: Xin Xu, Zhi-Yong Sun, Hua-Wei Wu, Chen-Peng Zhang, Bin Hu, Ling Rong, Hai-Yan Chen, Hua-Ying Xie, Yu-Ming Wang, Hai-Ping Lin, Yong-Rui Bai, Qing Ye and Xiu-Mei Ma
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:132
  34. Symptomatic radiation pneumonitis (RP) may be a serious complication after thoracic radiation therapy (RT) for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This prospective observational study sought to evaluate the ut...

    Authors: Weronika Maria Szejniuk, Martin Skovmos Nielsen, Zsuzsanna Takács-Szabó, Jacek Pawlowski, Sahar Sulaiman Al-Saadi, Panagiotis Maidas, Martin Bøgsted, Tine McCulloch, Jens Brøndum Frøkjær, Ursula Gerda Falkmer and Oluf Dimitri Røe
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:131
  35. Tooth extraction post radiotherapy is one of the most important risk factors of osteoradionecrosis of the jawbones. The objective of this study was to determine the predictors of osteoradionecrosis (ORN) which...

    Authors: Szu Ching Khoo, Syed Nabil, Azizah Ahmad Fauzi, Siti Salmiah Mohd Yunus, Wei Cheong Ngeow and Roszalina Ramli
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:130
  36. To map anatomic patterns of para-aortic lymph node (PALN) recurrence in cervical cancer patients and validate currently available guidelines on PA clinical target volumes (CTV).

    Authors: Bong Kyung Bae, Shin-Hyung Park, Shin Young Jeong, Gun Oh Chong, Mi Young Kim and Jae-Chul Kim
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:128
  37. Historically, IBD has been thought to increase the underlying risk of radiation related toxicity in the treatment of prostate cancer. In the modern era, contemporary radiation planning and delivery may mitigat...

    Authors: Jonathan W. Lischalk, Seth Blacksburg, Christopher Mendez, Michael Repka, Astrid Sanchez, Todd Carpenter, Matthew Witten, Jules E. Garbus, Andrew Evans, Sean P. Collins, Aaron Katz and Jonathan Haas
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:126
  38. The aim of this work was to investigate the outcome of metastasis-directed radiotherapy (MDT) in prostate cancer patients with bone metastases following current ESTRO/EORTC subclassifications for oligometastat...

    Authors: Paul Rogowski, Christian Trapp, Rieke von Bestenbostel, Nina-Sophie Schmidt-Hegemann, Run Shi, Harun Ilhan, Alexander Kretschmer, Christian Stief, Ute Ganswindt, Claus Belka and Minglun Li
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:125
  39. Adjuvant hysterectomy following chemoradiation for bulky, early stage cervical cancer has been shown to decrease local relapse rate. The objective of this study is to compare complications and recurrences betw...

    Authors: Heather Miller, Koji Matsuo, Lynda D. Roman, Annie A. Yessaian, Huyen Q. Pham, Marianne Hom, Antonio Castaneda, Anthony Pham, Omar Ragab, Laila Muderspach, Marcia Ciccone and Laurie L. Brunette
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:123

    The Correction to this article has been published in Radiation Oncology 2021 16:162

  40. Screening and management of venous thromboembolism (VTE) after surgery is important in preventing sublethal VTE. However, the risk factors for VTE during interstitial brachytherapy (ISBT) remain unknown, and a...

    Authors: Keiko Nemoto Murofushi, Tetsuya Tomita, Kayoko Ohnishi, Kei Nakai, Azusa Akiyama, Tsukasa Saida, Toshiyuki Okumura, Katsuyuki Karasawa, Toyomi Satoh and Hideyuki Sakurai
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:121
  41. Cranial nerve (CN) palsy due to cancer involvement has been considered as an unfavorable prognostic factor for patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). We assessed the role of IMRT based treatment on the ...

    Authors: Jian Zang, Yan Li, Shanquan Luo, Jianhua Wang, Bingxin Hou, Min Yao, Lina Zhao and Mei Shi
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:118
  42. Atypical meningiomas exhibit a high tendency for tumor recurrence even after multimodal therapy. Information regarding recurrence patterns after additive radiotherapy is scarce but could improve radiotherapy p...

    Authors: Elgin Hoffmann, Kerstin Clasen, Bettina Frey, Jakob Ehlers, Felix Behling, Marco Skardelly, Benjamin Bender, Jens Schittenhelm, Matthias Reimold, Ghazaleh Tabatabai, Daniel Zips, Franziska Eckert and Frank Paulsen
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:116
  43. The hippocampus is a critical organ for irradiation. Thus, we explored changes in hippocampal volume according to the dose delivered and the location relative to the glioblastoma.

    Authors: Clara Le Fèvre, Xue Cheng, Marie-Pierre Loit, Audrey Keller, Hélène Cebula, Delphine Antoni, Alicia Thiery, Jean-Marc Constans, François Proust and Georges Noel
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:112
  44. The present study aimed to propose a new foetal shielding device for pregnant cancer patients to reduce the foetal dose associated with treatment techniques using multiple gantry angles, such as intensity-modu...

    Authors: Seonghee Kang, Kyeong-Hyeon Kim, Sang-Won Kang, Dong-Seok Shin, Seungwan Lee and Jin-Beom Chung
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:109
  45. The purpose of this study is to evaluate inter- and intra-fraction organ motion as well as to quantify clinical target volume (CTV) to planning target volume (PTV) margins to be adopted in the stereotactic tre...

    Authors: Annarita Perillo, Valeria Landoni, Alessia Farneti and Giuseppe Sanguineti
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:106
  46. To examine treatment patterns, oncological outcomes and toxicity rates in elderly patients receiving radiotherapy for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) of the head-and-neck region.

    Authors: Erik Haehl, Alexander Rühle, Rabea Klink, Tobias Kalckreuth, Tanja Sprave, Eleni Gkika, Constantinos Zamboglou, Frank Meiß, Anca-Ligia Grosu and Nils H. Nicolay
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:105
  47. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the cumulative incidence of cause-specific mortality and other causes of mortality for patients with olfactory neuroblastoma (ONB). The secondary aim was to mod...

    Authors: Lipin Liu, Qiuzi Zhong, Ting Zhao, Dazhi Chen, Yonggang Xu and Gaofeng Li
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:103
  48. To investigate the interobserver variability (IOV) in target volume delineation of definitive radiotherapy for thoracic esophageal cancer (TEC) among cancer centers in China, and ultimately improve contouring ...

    Authors: Xiao Chang, Wei Deng, Xin Wang, Zongmei Zhou, Jun Yang, Wenling Guo, Miaoling Liu, Xiaolu Qi, Ling Li, Kaixian Zhang, Min Zhang, Yonggang Shi, Ke Liu, Yidian Zhao, Huitao Wang, Zhilong Yu…
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:102
  49. Local recurrence (LR) is clinical challenge in the treatment of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). The current study aimed to determine the optimal re-irradiation dose for local recurrent esophageal sq...

    Authors: Xun Wu, Xingsheng Hu, Junru Chen and Lang He
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:100

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