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Clinical Radiation Oncology

Section edited by Stephanie Combs, Pirus Ghadjar, Matthias Guckenberger, Daniel Habermehl, Silke Nachbichler, Maximilian Niyazi, and Falk Roeder

The Clinical Radiation Oncology section aims to provide a platform for clinical research in radiation oncology. Research includes innovative early phase and later stage clinical trials, technical approaches, review articles on “burning” clinical questions, invited key reviews, RT planning studies, multimodal therapy, data mining from retrospective cohorts in a hypothesis-generating manner, interconnection between imaging and improved target delineation, and intensity modulation/high precision techniques. The section addresses current, timely and cutting- edge research and reviews about clinically relevant issues in radiation oncology, while offering a fast review process.

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  2. To identify the association between somatic ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) mutations and improved radio-sensitivity, we retrospectively reviewed next-generation sequencing data from patients diagnosed with i...

    Authors: Nalee Kim, Se Hoon Kim, Seok-Gu Kang, Ju Hyung Moon, Jaeho Cho, Chang-Ok Suh, Hong In Yoon and Jong Hee Chang
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:184
    Content type: Research Published on:

  4. To test the efficacy and feasibility of pelvic bone marrow sparing intensity modulated radiotherapy (PBMS-IMRT) in reducing grade 2 or higher hematological toxicity (HT2+) for patients with cervical cancer tre...

    Authors: Jin Huang, Fei Gu, Tianlong Ji, Jing Zhao and Guang Li
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:180
    Content type: Research Published on:

  5. Locally recurrent rectal cancer (LRRC) after surgery or external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) is a serious challenge for which no standard treatment is defined. In the present study, we investigated the feasibilit...

    Authors: Lu Wang, Hao Wang, Yuliang Jiang, Zhe Ji, Fuxin Guo, Ping Jiang, Xuemin Li, Yi Chen, Haitao Sun, Jinghong Fan, Weiyan Li, Xu Li and Junjie Wang
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:179
    Content type: Research Published on:

  6. The assessment of organ motion is a crucial feature for prostate stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT). Rectal spacer may represent a helpful device in order to outdistance rectal wall from clinical target, bu...

    Authors: Francesco Cuccia, Rosario Mazzola, Luca Nicosia, Vanessa Figlia, Niccolò Giaj-Levra, Francesco Ricchetti, Michele Rigo, Claudio Vitale, Beatrice Mantoan, Antonio De Simone, Gianluisa Sicignano, Ruggero Ruggieri, Stefano Cavalleri and Filippo Alongi
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:178
    Content type: Research Published on:

  7. Chronic encapsulated intracerebral hematomas (CEIHs) are a rare, late complication of radiosurgery for intracranial AVM. We present 5 cases treated mostly by surgical excision and review the literature.

    Authors: Stephanos Finitsis, Valerie Bernier, Isabelle Buccheit, Olivier Klein, Serge Bracard, Francois Zhu, Guillaume Gauchotte and René Anxionnat
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:177
    Content type: Research Published on:

  8. Lentigo maligna (LM) is the most common subtype of in situ melanoma und occurs frequently in the sun-exposed head and neck region in elderly patients. The therapeutic “gold standard” is surgical excision, as t...

    Authors: Alexandra Hendrickx, Antonio Cozzio, Ludwig Plasswilm and Cédric M. Panje
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:174
    Content type: Review Published on:

  9. The use of stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) as the primary treatment modality in clinically localized prostate cancer (PCa) is emerging. The aim of the study was to analyze the long-term results of PCa pa...

    Authors: Kristiina Vuolukka, Päivi Auvinen, Erno Tiainen, Jan-Erik Palmgren, Janne Heikkilä, Jan Seppälä, Sirpa Aaltomaa and Vesa Kataja
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:173
    Content type: Research Published on:

  10. To date, only limited magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data are available concerning tumor regression during neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy (RCT) of rectal cancer patients, which is a prerequisite for adaptive ...

    Authors: T. Bostel, C. Dreher, D. Wollschläger, A. Mayer, F. König, S. Bickelhaupt, H. P. Schlemmer, P. E. Huber, F. Sterzing, P. Bäumer, J. Debus and N. H. Nicolay
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:171
    Content type: Research Published on:

  11. Immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have dramatically changed the landscape of lung cancer treatment. Preclinical studies investigating combination of ICI with radiation show a synergistic improvement of tumor ...

    Authors: Lukas Käsmann, Chukwuka Eze, Julian Taugner, Olarn Roengvoraphoj, Maurice Dantes, Nina-Sophie Schmidt-Hegemann, Sanziana Schiopu, Claus Belka and Farkhad Manapov
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:167
    Content type: Review Published on:

  13. Starting in December 2019, the current pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) confronts the world with an unprecedented challenge. With no vaccine or drug being cur...

    Authors: Sebastian Marschner, Stefanie Corradini, Josefine Rauch, Richard Zacharias, Ana Sujic, Julia Mayerle, Raluca Petru, Béatrice Grabein, Oliver T. Keppler, Edwin Boelke, Claus Belka and Maximilian Niyazi
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:165
    Content type: Research Published on:

  15. Proton radiotherapy has a dosimetric advantage over photon radiotherapy. Many retrospective studies have shown promising results with proton radiotherapy in treating hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, cl...

    Authors: Jen-Yu Cheng, Chieh-Min Liu, Yu-Ming Wang, Hsuan-Chih Hsu, Eng-Yen Huang, Tzu-Ting Huang, Ching-Hsin Lee, Sheng-Ping Hung and Bing-Shen Huang
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:159
    Content type: Research Published on:

  16. Postoperative radiation therapy for soft tissue sarcomas demonstrated good local recurrence-free survival rates and survival outcomes. However, the results remained controversial. This study aimed to evaluate ...

    Authors: Xinmiao Yang, Lihua Zhang, Xiaojing Yang, Weiwei Yu and Jie Fu
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:158
    Content type: Review Published on:

  17. The purpose of this study was to determine the potential of escalated dose radiation (EDR) robust intensity-modulated proton radiotherapy (ro-IMPT) in reducing GI toxicity risk in locally advanced unresectable...

    Authors: Vijay P. Raturi, Hidehiro Hojo, Kenji Hotta, Hiromi Baba, Ryo Takahashi, Toshiya Rachi, Naoki Nakamura, Sadamoto Zenda, Atsushi Motegi, Hidenobu Tachibana, Takaki Ariji, Kana Motegi, Masaki Nakamura, Masayuki Okumura, Yasuhiro Hirano and Tetsuo Akimoto
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:157
    Content type: Research Published on:

  18. The optimal treatment for lacrimal gland cancer remains unclear. Eye-preserving surgery, as opposed to exenteration, followed by adjuvant radiotherapy (RT), has recently been reported to deliver satisfactory o...

    Authors: Yun-Hsuan Lin, Shih-Ming Huang, Wing-Keen Yap, Ju-Wen Yang, Ling Yeung, Din-Li Tsan, Joseph Tung-Chieh Chang and Lung-Chien Chen
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:156
    Content type: Research Published on:

  19. The objectives of this study were to determine the objective effective response rate, survival, and safety of radiotherapy combined with gefitinib in patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (...

    Authors: Zhixue Fu, Xu Yang, Wenqing Wang, Lei Deng, Tao Zhang, Nan Bi, Xiaozhen Wang, Dongfu Chen, Zongmei Zhou, Luhua Wang and Jun Liang
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:155
    Content type: Research Published on:

  20. Even though frequent, it is not known how HIV infection and treatment impact in the consolidation by radiotherapy of non-Hodgkin diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DBCL). This article aim to assess that differenc...

    Authors: Carolina Trindade Mello Medici, Geovanne Pedro Mauro, Lucas Coelho Casimiro and Eduardo Weltman
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:153
    Content type: Research Published on:

  21. Internal Target Volume (ITV) is one of the most common strategies to passively manage tumour motion in Radiotherapy (RT).

    Authors: Davide Cusumano, Jennifer Dhont, Luca Boldrini, Giuditta Chiloiro, Angela Romano, Claudio Votta, Silvia Longo, Lorenzo Placidi, Luigi Azario, Marco De Spirito, Dirk Verellen and Vincenzo Valentini
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:152
    Content type: Research Published on:

  22. Chemoradiotherapy remains the standard of care for locally advanced rectal cancer. Efforts to intensify treatment and increase response rates have yet to yield practice changing results due to increased toxici...

    Authors: Séan M. O’Cathail, Steven Davis, Jane Holmes, Richard Brown, Kerry Fisher, Leonard Seymour, Richard Adams, James Good, David Sebag-Montefiore, Tim Maughan and Maria A. Hawkins
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:151
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  23. Retrospective analysis of volumetric modulated arc therapy treatment plans to investigate qualitative, possible, clinical consequences of the use of AAA versus AXB in nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) cases.

    Authors: Antonella Bufacchi, Orietta Caspiani, Giulia Rambaldi, Luca Marmiroli, Giuseppe Giovinazzo and Mattia Polsoni
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:150
    Content type: Research Published on:

  24. Loco-regional and distant failure are common in inoperable stage III non small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after chemoradiotherapy (CRT). However, there is limited real-world data on failure pattern, patient prog...

    Authors: Julian Taugner, Chukwuka Eze, Lukas Käsmann, Olarn Roengvoraphoj, Kathrin Gennen, Monika Karin, Oleg Petrukhnov, Amanda Tufman, Claus Belka and Farkhad Manapov
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:148
    Content type: Research Published on:

  25. There is a lack of consensus concerning the definition of re-irradiation and re-irradiation volumes in head and neck cancer (HNC). The aim of the present study is to introduce a more strict definition of the r...

    Authors: Anna Embring, Eva Onjukka, Claes Mercke, Ingmar Lax, Anders Berglund, Sara Bornedal, Berit Wennberg and Signe Friesland
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:147
    Content type: Research Published on:

  26. At present, the treatment of recurrent glioblastoma is extremely challenging. In this study, we used a novel three-dimensional non-coplanar template (3DNPT) combined with open MR to guide 125I seed implantation f...

    Authors: Xiangmeng He, Ming Liu, Menglong Zhang, Roberto Blanco Sequeiros, Yujun Xu, Ligang Wang, Chao Liu, Qingwen Wang, Kai Zhang and Chengli Li
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:146
    Content type: Research Published on:

  27. Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) has a poor prognosis despite a multi modal treatment that includes normofractionated radiotherapy. So, various hypofractionated alternatives to normofractionated RT have been test...

    Authors: Jane-Chloe Trone, Alexis Vallard, Sandrine Sotton, Majed Ben Mrad, Omar Jmour, Nicolas Magné, Benjamin Pommier, Silvy Laporte and Edouard Ollier
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:145
    Content type: Review Published on:

  29. Desmoid-type fibromatosis is a rare, potentially locally aggressive disease. Herein we present our experience in the treatment with radiotherapy.

    Authors: K. Seidensaal, S. B. Harrabi, F. Weykamp, K. Herfarth, T. Welzel, G. Mechtersheimer, B. Lehner, M. Schneider, S. Fröhling, G. Egerer, J. Debus and M. Uhl
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:143
    Content type: Research Published on:

  30. Radiation-induced choanal stenosis (RICS) severely decreases life quality of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and originates from nasal mucositis, which depends on radiation dose. This self-control...

    Authors: Hui Chang, Kai Chen, Ya-lan Tao, Fei Han, Wei-jun Ye and Yuan-hong Gao
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:142
    Content type: Research Published on:

  31. To examine, if a shift in indications for radiotherapy is to be expected in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, the database Pubmed was searched for multidisciplinary or surgical expert recommendations on th...

    Authors: Dirk Vordermark
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:140
    Content type: Short report Published on:

  32. Immunotherapy has paved the way for new therapeutic opportunities in cancer but has failed to show any efficacy in Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma (PDAC), and its therapeutic role remains unclear. The objective of t...

    Authors: Saber Amin, Michael Baine, Jane Meza, Morshed Alam and Chi Lin
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:139
    Content type: Research Published on:

  33. Developments in the field of proton beam therapy (PBT) have recently crossed the tipping point wherein the modality is now more versatile than ever before, with possibilities and likely indications expanding r...

    Authors: Srinivas Chilukuri, Pankaj Kumar Panda and Rakesh Jalali
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:138
    Content type: Commentary Published on:

  34. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are an established prognostic marker in castration-resistant prostate cancer but have received little attention in localized high-risk disease. We studied the detection rate of C...

    Authors: Almudena Zapatero, Antonio Gómez-Caamaño, María Ángeles Cabeza Rodriguez, Laura Muinelo-Romay, Carmen Martin de Vidales, Alicia Abalo, Patricia Calvo Crespo, Luis Leon Mateos, Carlos Olivier and Lorena Vega Vega Piris
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:137
    Content type: Research Published on:

  35. To validate the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) and European Society for Radiotherapy and Oncology (ESTRO) breast cancer nodal clinical target volumes (CTVs) and to investigate the Radiotherapy Compara...

    Authors: Laura Beaton, Luminita Nica, Scott Tyldesley, Kenny Sek, Gareth Ayre, Maria Aparicio, Lovedeep Gondara, Caroline Speers and Alan Nichol
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:136
    Content type: Research Published on:

  36. Melanoma patients frequently develop brain metastases. The most widely used score to predict survival is the molGPA based on a mixed treatment of stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT) and whole brain radiotherapy (W...

    Authors: Jana Schaule, Stephanie G. C. Kroeze, Oliver Blanck, Susanne Stera, Klaus H. Kahl, Falk Roeder, Stephanie E. Combs, David Kaul, An Claes, Markus M. Schymalla, Sonja Adebahr, Franziska Eckert, Fabian Lohaus, Nasrin Abbasi-Senger, Guido Henke, Marcella Szuecs…
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:135
    Content type: Research Published on:

    The Correction to this article has been published in Radiation Oncology 2020 15:280

  37. Fatigue is one of the most common and distressing side-effects of breast cancer radiotherapy. According to current guidelines, accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI) may be considered as an alternative ...

    Authors: Tobias Forster, Cornelia Jäkel, Sati Akbaba, David Krug, Robert Krempien, Matthias Uhl, Matthias Felix Häfner, Laila König, Stefan Alexander Koerber, Semi Harrabi, Denise Bernhardt, Rouven Behnisch, Johannes Krisam, Andre Hennigs, Christof Sohn, Jörg Heil…
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:134
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  38. Endoscopic resection is widely used as an effective treatment for superficial esophageal cancer. However, the risk of lymph node metastasis increases in cases of muscularis mucosae or deeper invasion, for whic...

    Authors: Ikuno Nishibuchi, Yuji Murakami, Yoshinori Adachi, Nobuki Imano, Yuki Takeuchi, Ippei Tkahashi, Tomoki Kimura, Yuji Urabe, Shiro Oka, Shinji Tanaka and Yasushi Nagata
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:133
    Content type: Research Published on:

  39. Hypofractionated-SRS (HF-SRS) may allow for improved local control and a reduced risk of radiation necrosis compared to single-fraction-SRS (SF-SRS). However, data comparing these two treatment approaches are ...

    Authors: Jill S. Remick, Emily Kowalski, Rahul Khairnar, Kai Sun, Emily Morse, Hua-Ren R. Cherng, Yannick Poirier, Narottam Lamichhane, Stewart J. Becker, Shifeng Chen, Akshar N. Patel, Young Kwok, Elizabeth Nichols, Pranshu Mohindra, Graeme F. Woodworth, William F. Regine…
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:128
    Content type: Research Published on:

  40. Carbon-ion radiotherapy (CIRT) for prostate cancer was initiated at Kanagawa Cancer Center in 2015. The present study analyzed the preliminary clinical outcomes of CIRT for prostate cancer.

    Authors: Yosuke Takakusagi, Hiroyuki Katoh, Kio Kano, Wataru Anno, Keisuke Tsuchida, Nobutaka Mizoguchi, Itsuko Serizawa, Daisaku Yoshida and Tadashi Kamada
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:127
    Content type: Research Published on:

    The Correction to this article has been published in Radiation Oncology 2022 17:101

  41. To evaluate the impact of primary tumor radiotherapy on survival in patients with unresectable metastatic rectal or rectosigmoid cancer.

    Authors: Gang Wang, Wenling Wang, Haijie Jin, Hongmin Dong, Weiwei Chen, Xiaokai Li, Guodong Li and Leilei Li
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:126
    Content type: Research Published on:

  42. Anal cancer is a rare disease, which might be the reason for the “one size fits all” approach still used for radiotherapy target contouring. To refine and individualize future guidelines, detailed and contempo...

    Authors: Martin P. Nilsson, Erik D. Nilsson, Anders Johnsson, Otilia Leon, Adalsteinn Gunnlaugsson and Jonas Scherman
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:125
    Content type: Research Published on:

  43. To investigate the loco-regional progression-free survival (LPFS) of intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) with different fraction sizes for locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (LANSCLC), and to appl...

    Authors: Bo Qiu, Qi Wen Li, Xin Lei Ai, Bin Wang, Jian Huan, Zheng Fei Zhu, Gen Hua Yu, Ming Ji, Hai Hang Jiang, Cheng Li, Jun Zhang, Li Chen, Jin Yu Guo, Yin Zhou and Hui Liu
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:124
    Content type: Research Published on:

  44. To review a single institutional experience of the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) 8502 “QUAD shot” regimen using volumetric modulated arc radiotherapy (VMAT) for incurable head and neck cancer (HNC).

    Authors: Ryo Toya, Tetsuo Saito, Kohsei Yamaguchi, Tomohiko Matsuyama, Takahiro Watakabe, Tadashi Matsumoto, Ryoji Yoshida, Akiyuki Hirosue, Daizo Murakami, Yorihisa Orita, Hideki Nakayama and Natsuo Oya
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:123
    Content type: Research Published on:

  46. Patients with left-sided breast cancer frequently receive deep inspiration breath-hold (DIBH) radiotherapy to reduce the risk of cardiac side effects. The aim of the present study was to analyze intra-breath-h...

    Authors: D. Reitz, F. Walter, S. Schönecker, P. Freislederer, M. Pazos, M. Niyazi, G. Landry, F. Alongi, E. Bölke, C. Matuschek, M. Reiner, C. Belka and S. Corradini
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:121
    Content type: Research Published on:

  47. After esophagectomy, adjuvant chemotherapy (S + CT) and adjuvant chemoradiotherapy (S + CRT) can improve survival in patients with node-positive resectable esophageal cancer. However, we are not aware of any s...

    Authors: Qifeng Wang, Jinyi Lang, Tao Li, Lin Peng, Wei Dai, Yinchun Jiang, Tianpeng Xie, Qiang Fang, Yi Wang, Lei Wu, Bangrong Cao and Yongtao Han
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:119
    Content type: Research Published on:

  48. Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare and highly aggressive malignancy. Surgical resection is the standard treatment for localized ACC, but the local recurrence remains high. Adjuvant radiation (ART) has be...

    Authors: Jiawei Zhu, Ziye Zheng, Jing Shen, Xin Lian, Zheng Miao, Jie Shen and Fuquan Zhang
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:118
    Content type: Research Published on:

  49. Patients with left-sided breast cancer have an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) after radiotherapy (RT). While the awareness of cardiac toxicity has increased enormously over the last decade, the...

    Authors: Aurélie Gaasch, Stephan Schönecker, Cristoforo Simonetto, Markus Eidemüller, Montserrat Pazos, Daniel Reitz, Maya Rottler, Philipp Freislederer, Michael Braun, Rachel Würstlein, Nadia Harbeck, Maximilian Niyazi, Claus Belka and Stefanie Corradini
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:117
    Content type: Research Published on:

  50. Sarcopenia is defined by a loss of skeletal muscle mass with or without loss of fat mass. Sarcopenia has been associated to reduced tolerance to treatment and worse prognosis in cancer patients, including pati...

    Authors: Romain Mallet, Romain Modzelewski, Justine Lequesne, Sorina Mihailescu, Pierre Decazes, Hugues Auvray, Ahmed Benyoucef, Fréderic Di Fiore, Pierre Vera, Bernard Dubray and Sébastien Thureau
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2020 15:116
    Content type: Research Published on:
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Radiation Oncology

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