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Clinical Radiation Oncology

Section edited by Stephanie Combs, Pirus Ghadjar, Matthias Guckenberger, Daniel Habermehl, Silke Nachbichler, Maximilian Niyazi, and Falk Roeder

The Clinical Radiation Oncology section aims to provide a platform for clinical research in radiation oncology. Research includes innovative early phase and later stage clinical trials, technical approaches, review articles on “burning” clinical questions, invited key reviews, RT planning studies, multimodal therapy, data mining from retrospective cohorts in a hypothesis-generating manner, interconnection between imaging and improved target delineation, and intensity modulation/high precision techniques. The section addresses current, timely and cutting- edge research and reviews about clinically relevant issues in radiation oncology, while offering a fast review process.

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  1. In intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), accurate delineation of the gross tumour volume (GTV) is important. Image registration of CT and MRI has been routinely used in tre...

    Authors: Vincent W. C. Wu, Wan-shun Leung, Kwun-lam Wong, Ying-kit Chan, Wing-lam Law, Wing-kwan Leung and Yat-long Yu
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2016 11:109
  2. The cognitive function of brain tumor patients is affected during the treatment. There is evidence that gliomas and surgery alter the functional brain connectivity but studies on the longitudinal effects are l...

    Authors: Noora Tuovinen, Francesco de Pasquale, Massimo Caulo, Chiara Falletta Caravasso, Emilia Giudice, Roberto Miceli, Gianluca Ingrosso, Anne Laprie, Riccardo Santoni and Umberto Sabatini
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2016 11:107
  3. Re-irradiation (re-RT) of the thorax is challenging due to the impact of prior therapies on normal tissues, and there are few reports of definitive re-RT. The treatment toxicities and efficacy of re-RT are not...

    Authors: Kiyomi Sumita, Hideyuki Harada, Hirofumi Asakura, Hirofumi Ogawa, Tsuyoshi Onoe, Shigeyuki Murayama, Satoaki Nakamura, Noboru Tanigawa, Toshiaki Takahashi and Tetsuo Nishimura
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2016 11:104
  4. The optimal timing of salvage radiotherapy for biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy is controversial. In particular, the prognostic significance of salvage radiotherapy delivered before a current...

    Authors: Satoru Taguchi, Kenshiro Shiraishi, Hiroshi Fukuhara, Keiichi Nakagawa, Teppei Morikawa, Akihiro Naito, Shigenori Kakutani, Yuta Takeshima, Hideyo Miyazaki, Tohru Nakagawa, Tetsuya Fujimura, Haruki Kume and Yukio Homma
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2016 11:102
  5. To identify potential risk factors for the development of jaw osteoradionecrosis (ORN) after 3D-conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT) and intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) among patients with newly diagnosed h...

    Authors: Thomas Kuhnt, Andreas Stang, Andreas Wienke, Dirk Vordermark, Ramona Schweyen and Jeremias Hey
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2016 11:101
  6. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the impact of multiple prognostic factors on the acute skin reaction in adjuvant breast cancer radiotherapy, in particular the impact of hypofractionation (HF) compared...

    Authors: Volker Rudat, Alaa Nour, Salam Abou Ghaida and Aziz Alaradi
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2016 11:100
  7. To compare the effects of resistance training versus passive physical therapy on bone survival in the metastatic bone during radiation therapy (RT) as combined treatment in patients with spinal bone metastases...

    Authors: Harald Rief, Thomas Bruckner, Ingmar Schlampp, Tilman Bostel, Thomas Welzel, Jürgen Debus and Robert Förster
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2016 11:97
  8. The aim of this study is to analyze the results of exclusive interstitial brachytherapy (IBT) as a conservative approach in the treatment of penile cancer confined to the glans or the shaft with long-term foll...

    Authors: Abel Cordoba, Alexandre Escande, Stephanie Lopez, Laurent Mortier, Xavier Mirabel, Bernard Coche-Déqueant and Eric Lartigau
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2016 11:96

    The Erratum to this article has been published in Radiation Oncology 2016 11:129

  9. The aim of this study is to develop a methodology to standardize the analysis and reporting of the patterns of loco-regional failure after IMRT of head and neck cancer.

    Authors: Abdallah S. R. Mohamed, David I. Rosenthal, Musaddiq J. Awan, Adam S. Garden, Esengul Kocak-Uzel, Abdelaziz M. Belal, Ahmed G. El-Gowily, Jack Phan, Beth M. Beadle, G. Brandon Gunn and Clifton D. Fuller
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2016 11:95
  10. The outcomes and recurrence patterns for patients with combined clinical stage II and III breast cancer treated with local but not regional radiotherapy after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) and surgery are poo...

    Authors: Rohen White, Tamara Dinneen and Andreas Makris
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2016 11:93
  11. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of histology on survival stratified by the Graded Prognostic Assessment (GPA) for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in a group of selected patients trea...

    Authors: Liang-Hua Ma, Guang Li, Hong-Wei Zhang, Zhi-Yu Wang, Jun Dang, Shuo Zhang and Lei Yao
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2016 11:92
  12. To evaluate the use of high-dose radiotherapy using carbon ions (C12) on non-adenoid cystic malignant salivary gland tumors (MSGT).

    Authors: A. D. Jensen, M. Poulakis, V. Vanoni, M. Uhl, N. Chaudhri, P. A. Federspil, K. Freier, J. Krauss and J. Debus
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2016 11:90
  13. Few data are available on the tolerance of reirradiation in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study determined the clinical parameters contributing to the development of radiation-induced live...

    Authors: Yaoru Huang, Shang-Wen Chen, Ching-Chao Fan, Lai-Lei Ting, Chia-Chun Kuo and Jeng-Fong Chiou
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2016 11:89
  14. Recent studies suggest that radiation-induced injuries to the hippocampus play important roles in compromising neurocognitive functioning for patients with brain tumors and it could be important to spare the h...

    Authors: Megumi Uto, Takashi Mizowaki, Kengo Ogura and Masahiro Hiraoka
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2016 11:86
  15. Multimodality treatment is widely performed for clinical T1N0M0 (UICC-TNM classification, 7th edition) thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), but available articles regarding treatment results are...

    Authors: Yusuke Uchinami, Miyako Myojin, Hiroaki Takahashi, Keiichi Harada, Shinichi Shimizu and Masao Hosokawa
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2016 11:84
  16. The aim of this study was to experimentally assess the dosimetric impact of leaf interdigitation using different inverse treatment strategies for representative tumour sites and to identify the situations in w...

    Authors: Jinghao Duan, Xiangjuan Meng, Tonghai Liu and Yong Yin
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2016 11:82
  17. Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) using flattening filter free (FFF)-techniques has been increasingly applied during the last years. However, clinical studies investigating this emerging technique are stil...

    Authors: Juliane Rieber, Eric Tonndorf-Martini, Oliver Schramm, Bernhard Rhein, Laila König, Sebastian Adeberg, Eva Meyerhof, Angela Mohr, Jutta Kappes, Hans Hoffmann, Jürgen Debus and Stefan Rieken
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2016 11:80
  18. To generate a nomogram to predict parotid gland (PG) overdose and to quantify the dosimetric benefit of weekly replanning based on its findings, in the context of intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) for lo...

    Authors: J. Castelli, A. Simon, B. Rigaud, C. Lafond, E. Chajon, J. D. Ospina, P. Haigron, B. Laguerre, A. Ruffier Loubière, K. Benezery and R. de Crevoisier
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2016 11:79
  19. to evaluate the role of a risk stratification system in intermediate-risk prostate cancer (PCa) treated with hypofractionated radiotherapy (HyRT).

    Authors: Stefano Bracci, Mattia F. Osti, Linda Agolli, Luca Bertaccini, Vitaliana De Sanctis and Maurizio Valeriani
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2016 11:78
  20. Experimental data demonstrated that concurrent anti-angiogenic treatment with sunitinib may improve the efficacy of radiation therapy (RT). Here we report the results of a phase I trial performed within the Ge...

    Authors: Jens Jakob, Anna Simeonova, Bernd Kasper, Ulrich Ronellenfitsch, Geraldine Rauch, Frederik Wenz and Peter Hohenberger
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2016 11:77
  21. Hypo-fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (HSRT) is emerging as a valid treatment option for patients with single, large brain metastases (BMs). We analyzed a set of our patients treated with HSRT. The aim o...

    Authors: Pierina Navarria, Federico Pessina, Luca Cozzi, Anna Maria Ascolese, Fiorenza De Rose, Antonella Fogliata, Ciro Franzese, Davide Franceschini, Angelo Tozzi, Giuseppe D’Agostino, Tiziana Comito, Cristina Iftode, Giulia Maggi, Giacomo Reggiori, Lorenzo Bello and Marta Scorsetti
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2016 11:76
  22. We retrospectively evaluated the efficacy and toxicity of gross tumor volume (GTV) mean-dose-optimized and real-time motion-compensated robotic stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) in the treatment of li...

    Authors: Nicolaus Andratschke, Alan Parys, Susanne Stadtfeld, Stefan Wurster, Stefan Huttenlocher, Detlef Imhoff, Müjdat Yildirim, Dirk Rades, Claus Michael Rödel, Jürgen Dunst, Guido Hildebrandt and Oliver Blanck
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2016 11:74
  23. Prostate cancer (PC) is one of the most commonly treated cancer entities with radiation therapy (RT). Risk group-adapted treatment and avoidance of unnecessary toxicities relies primarily on accurate tumor sta...

    Authors: Sabrina Dewes, Kilian Schiller, Katharina Sauter, Matthias Eiber, Tobias Maurer, Markus Schwaiger, Jürgen E. Gschwend, Stephanie E. Combs and Gregor Habl
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2016 11:73
  24. Renal atrophy is observed in an irradiated kidney. The aim of this study was to determine dose-volume histogram parameters and other factors that predict renal atrophy after 10-fraction stereotactic body radio...

    Authors: Takaya Yamamoto, Noriyuki Kadoya, Ken Takeda, Haruo Matsushita, Rei Umezawa, Kiyokazu Sato, Masaki Kubozono, Kengo Ito, Yojiro Ishikawa, Maiko Kozumi, Noriyoshi Takahashi, Yu Katagiri, Hiroshi Onishi and Keiichi Jingu
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2016 11:72
  25. Hyperfractionated (HFRT) or accelerated hyperfractionated radiotherapy (AHFRT) have been discussed as a potential treatment for glioblastoma based on a hypothesized reduction of late radiation injury and preve...

    Authors: David Kaul, Julian Florange, Harun Badakhshi, Arne Grün, Pirus Ghadjar, Sebastian Exner and Volker Budach
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2016 11:70
  26. In proton radiation therapy a constant relative biological effectiveness (RBE) of 1.1 is usually assumed. However, biological experiments have evidenced RBE dependencies on dose level, proton linear energy tra...

    Authors: Giulia Giovannini, Till Böhlen, Gonzalo Cabal, Julia Bauer, Thomas Tessonnier, Kathrin Frey, Jürgen Debus, Andrea Mairani and Katia Parodi
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2016 11:68
  27. To establish the feasibility of the dosimetric compliance criteria of the RTOG 1308 trial through testing against Intensity Modulation Radiation Therapy (IMRT) and Passive Scattering Proton Therapy (PSPT) plans.

    Authors: Tawfik Giaddui, Wenzhou Chen, Jialu Yu, Liyong Lin, Charles B. Simone II, Lulin Yuan, Yutao U. T. Gong, Q. Jackie Wu, Radhe Mohan, Xiaodong Zhang, Jaques B. Bluett, Michael Gillin, Kevin Moore, Elizabeth O’Meara, Jennifer Presley, Jeffrey D. Bradley…
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2016 11:66
  28. Intensity modulated proton therapy (IMPT) of head and neck (H&N) tumors may benefit from plan adaptation to correct for the dose perturbations caused by weight loss and tumor volume changes observed in these p...

    Authors: Christopher Kurz, Reinoud Nijhuis, Michael Reiner, Ute Ganswindt, Christian Thieke, Claus Belka, Katia Parodi and Guillaume Landry
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2016 11:64
  29. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is most common in Southeast Asia. The purpose of this study is to investigate the correlation between wait time and length of radiotherapy and overall survival (OS) of NPC patien...

    Authors: Po-Chun Chen, Wen-Shan Liu, Wei-Lun Huang, Cheng-Jung Wu, Ching-Chieh Yang and Ching-Chih Lee
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2016 11:62
  30. The combination of dendritic cells (DCs) and cytokine-induced killer cells (CIKs) can induce the anti-tumor immune response and radiotherapy may promote the activity. We aimed to explore the feasibility of DCs...

    Authors: Luping Zhang, Yanmei Xu, Jie Shen, Feng He, Dan Zhang, Zhengtang Chen, Yuzhong Duan and Jianguo Sun
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2016 11:60
  31. To compare and evaluate the possible advantages related to the use of VMAT and helical IMRT and two different modalities of boost delivering, adjuvant stereotactic boost (SRS) or simultaneous integrated boost ...

    Authors: Paolo Borghetti, Sara Pedretti, Luigi Spiazzi, Rossella Avitabile, Mauro Urpis, Federica Foscarini, Giulia Tesini, Francesca Trevisan, Paolo Ghirardelli, Sara Angela Pandini, Luca Triggiani, Stefano Maria Magrini and Michela Buglione
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2016 11:59
  32. Benign tumors of the skull base are a challenge when delivering radiotherapy. An appropriate choice of radiation technique may significantly improve the patient’s outcomes. Our study aimed to compare the dosim...

    Authors: Fanny Martin, Florian Magnier, Lucie Berger, Jessica Miroir, Emmanuel Chautard, Pierre Verrelle, Michel Lapeyre and Julian Biau
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2016 11:58
  33. The aim of this study was to quantify the variability in spinal radiosurgery (SRS) planning practices between five international institutions, all member of the Elekta Spine Radiosurgery Research Consortium.

    Authors: André Toussaint, Anne Richter, Frederick Mantel, John C. Flickinger, Inga Siiner Grills, Neelam Tyagi, Arjun Sahgal, Daniel Letourneau, Jason P. Sheehan, David J. Schlesinger, Peter Carlos Gerszten and Matthias Guckenberger
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2016 11:57
  34. The purpose of this study is to retrospectively evaluate the incidence of lung toxicities after proton beam therapy (PBT) in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF).

    Authors: Takashi Ono, Masato Hareyama, Tatsuya Nakamura, Kanako Kimura, Yuichiro Hayashi, Yusuke Azami, Katsumi Hirose, Yoshiomi Hatayama, Motohisa Suzuki, Hitoshi Wada, Yasuhiro Kikuchi and Kenji Nemoto
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2016 11:56
  35. We reviewed outcomes of patients with loco-regionally recurrent (LRR) or new primary (NP) squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) treated at our institution with reirradiation (RRT).

    Authors: Kelly K. Curtis, Helen J. Ross, Ashley L. Garrett, Theresa A. Jizba, Ajay B. Patel, Samir H. Patel, William W. Wong, Michele Y. Halyard, Stephen J. Ko, Heidi E. Kosiorek and Robert L. Foote
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2016 11:55
  36. Radiotherapy (RT) for breast cancer presents a benefit in terms of reducing local recurrence and deaths resulting from breast cancer but it can lead to secondary effects due to the presence of neighboring card...

    Authors: Sophie Jacob, Atul Pathak, Denis Franck, Igor Latorzeff, Gaelle Jimenez, Olivier Fondard, Matthieu Lapeyre, Daniel Colombier, Eric Bruguiere, Olivier Lairez, Benoit Fontenel, Fabien Milliat, Radia Tamarat, David Broggio, Sylvie Derreumaux, Marianne Ducassou…
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2016 11:54
  37. While intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) in anal cancer is feasible and improves high-dose conformality, the current RTOG/AGITG contouring atlas and planning guidelines lack specific instructions on how t...

    Authors: Julia Koeck, Frank Lohr, Daniel Buergy, Karen Büsing, Marcus J. Trunk, Frederik Wenz and Sabine Mai
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2016 11:53
  38. Preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) has become a widely used treatment for improving local control of disease and increasing survival rates of rectal cancer patients. We aimed to identify a set of genes that ...

    Authors: Jungsoo Gim, Yong Beom Cho, Hye Kyung Hong, Hee Cheol Kim, Seong Hyeon Yun, Hong-Gyun Wu, Seung-Yong Jeong, Je-Gun Joung, Taesung Park, Woong-Yang Park and Woo Yong Lee
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2016 11:50
  39. To evaluate the current status of prospective interventional clinical trials that includes brachytherapy (BT) procedures.

    Authors: Nikola Cihoric, Alexandros Tsikkinis, Cristina Gutierrez Miguelez, Vratislav Strnad, Ivan Soldatovic, Pirus Ghadjar, Branislav Jeremic, Alan Dal Pra, Daniel M. Aebersold and Kristina Lössl
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2016 11:48
  40. To compare the long-term outcomes in patients with salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinoma (SGACC) treated with post-operative chemoradiotherapy (POCRT) versus post-operative radiotherapy (PORT).

    Authors: Cheng-En Hsieh, Chien-Yu Lin, Li-Yu Lee, Lan-Yan Yang, Chun-Chieh Wang, Hung-Ming Wang, Joseph Tung-Chieh Chang, Kang-Hsing Fan, Chun-Ta Liao, Tzu-Chen Yen, Ku-Hao Fang and Yan-Ming Tsang
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2016 11:47
  41. To implement total body irradiation (TBI) using volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT). We applied the Varian RapidArcâ„¢ software to calculate and optimize the dose distribution. Emphasis was placed on applyin...

    Authors: Andreas Springer, Josef Hammer, Erwin Winkler, Christine Track, Roswitha Huppert, Alexandra Böhm, Hedwig Kasparu, Ansgar Weltermann, Gregor Aschauer, Andreas L. Petzer, Ernst Putz, Alexander Altenburger, Rainer Gruber, Karin Moser, Karin Wiesauer and Hans Geinitz
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2016 11:46
  42. For elderly or medically unfit patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer, cystectomy or chemotherapy are contraindicated. This leaves radical radiotherapy as the only treatment option. It was the aim of thi...

    Authors: Lotte J. Lutkenhaus, Rob M. van Os, Arjan Bel and Maarten C. C. M. Hulshof
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2016 11:45
  43. Treatment of recurrent gynecologic cancer is a challenging issue. Aim of the study was to investigate clinical features and outcomes of patients with recurrent gynecologic malignancies who underwent resection ...

    Authors: Nathalie Arians, Robert Foerster, Joachim Rom, Matthias Uhl, Falk Roeder, Jürgen Debus and Katja Lindel
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2016 11:44
  44. Accumulating evidence suggests that exercise is effective in treating many of the acute and chronic side effects of anti-cancer therapy. A recent meta-analysis supported the use of exercise to prevent or treat...

    Authors: Alexander Grabenbauer, Andrea J. Grabenbauer, Rosa Lengenfelder, Gerhard G. Grabenbauer and Luitpold V. Distel
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2016 11:42
  45. Stereotactic ablative volume reduction (SAVR) is a potential alternative to lung-volume reduction surgery in patients with severe emphysema and excessive surgical risk. Having previously observed a dose-volume...

    Authors: Michael S. Binkley, Joseph B. Shrager, Aadel Chaudhuri, Rita Popat, Peter G. Maxim, David Benjamin Shultz, Maximilian Diehn and Billy W. Loo Jr
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2016 11:40
  46. Patients with large, locally advanced cervical cancers (LACC) are challenging to treat. The purpose of this work is to use 18F-FDG PET as planning basis for a short-course simultaneous integrated boost (SIB) i...

    Authors: Marius Røthe Arnesen, Bernt Louni Rekstad, Caroline Stokke, Kjersti Bruheim, Ayca Muftuler Løndalen, Taran Paulsen Hellebust and Eirik Malinen
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2016 11:39
  47. To build a new treatment planning approach that extends beyond radiation transport and IMRT optimization by modeling the radiation therapy process and prognostic indicators for more outcome-focused decision ma...

    Authors: Wade P. Smith, Minsun Kim, Clay Holdsworth, Jay Liao and Mark H. Phillips
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2016 11:38
  48. In order to define adequate radiation portals in nodal positive prostate cancer a detailed knowledge of the anatomic lymph-node distribution is mandatory. We therefore systematically analyzed the localization ...

    Authors: Nina-Sophie Hegemann, Vera Wenter, Sonja Spath, Nadia Kusumo, Minglun Li, Peter Bartenstein, Wolfgang P. Fendler, Christian Stief, Claus Belka and Ute Ganswindt
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2016 11:37
  49. It is unknown if survival prediction tools (SPTs) sufficiently predict survival in patients who undergo palliative reirradiation of spinal metastases. We therefore set out to clarify if SPTs can predict surviv...

    Authors: Daniel Buergy, Lena Siedlitzki, Judit Boda-Heggemann, Frederik Wenz and Frank Lohr
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2016 11:35

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