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Table 3 Secondary outcome measures. QOL = quality of life

From: Dose escalation for stereotactic arrhythmia radioablation of recurrent ventricular tachyarrhythmia - a phase II clinical trial

Efficacy

6-month survival free from electrical storm and incessant VT (binary endpoint) including an initial blanking period of 8 weeks

Efficacy parameters will be assessed after an initial blanking period of 8 weeks, by comparing the 6 months prior to STAR with the 6 months after treatment, including the 8-week blanking period. All arrhythmic episodes occurring during the blanking period will be collected

Sustained VT/VF burden as measured by number of post-treatment VT/VF episodes (ECG, ICD readouts). The main analysis will be performed by comparing the 6 months prior to STAR with the 6 months after treatment, which will include an 8-week blanking period

Time to first sustained VT/VF recurrence as provided by ICD readouts, sustained VT/ICD shock and/or first VT storm

Reduction of electrical storms and appropriate ATP and ICD shocks

Need for antiarrhythmic drug use: type and dosages will be collected, and a drug index

will be calculated

Safety

Overall survival and need for heart transplant or mechanical circulatory support: reported survival and heart transplant rates during follow-up

Incidence of cardiac arrhythmic mortality or cardiac non arrhythmic mortality

Non-radiation associated safety, e.g.:

Hospitalization for acute heart failure necessitating inotropic therapy and if needed mechanical circulatory support except when other reason is apparent (e.g. acute coronary syndrome)

Cardiac tamponade

Major stroke or systemic embolism according to current diagnostic standards

ICD malfunction necessitating an interventional or operative approach

Physician-reported and patient-reported QoL

EQ5D, SF-35, QLQ-5, Treatment decision regret score

Procedural technique outcome measures

Error quantification of target definition and transfer from electrophysiology mapping to CT

Correlation between dose to the target and VT number reduction

Correlation between dose distribution to the target volume and scar formation

Dose-volume constraints for OARs: as determined by organ-specific reported toxicity (CTCAE v5)

The added value of additional imaging compared to standard CT imaging