Table 3 Studies of potential peripheral blood biomarkers for PDAC patients considering radiotherapy
From: Selection of patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma who may benefit from radiotherapy
Study | Study type | Pt No. | PDAC stage | Timing of collection | Treatment | Biomarker | Endpoint | Conclusion | Significance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2021 Perri G [69] | Retro-spective | 290 | Resected | Serum after neoadjuvant therapy | FOLFIRINOX, or GEM + Nab, +/- CRT | Post treatment CA19-9 | pMR (< 5% residual cancer cells) | Post-treatment CA19-9 level independently associated with pMR. | CA19-9 of pMR vs. others: 17 vs. 30 U/mL (P < 0.01) |
2023 Chiu YF [70] | Pro-spective | 125 | Resectable | Serum during adjuvant GEM | 1. GEM 2. GEM + Gem-CRT | CA19-9 response | OS | CA19-9 response to initial adjuvant therapy predict survival and failure pattern after resection. | CA19-9 response to OS: p = 0.0008 CA199 response to distant failure: p = 0.023 |
2022 Kato H [71] | Retro-spective | 72 | LAPC | Serum after NAC + RT | Gem + S1 + RT | CEA | OS | LAPC with CEA > 7.2 ng/mL should be recognized as systemic disease | CEA > 7.2ng/mL (n = 15) vs. CEA < 7.2ng/ml (n = 57) (8 vs. 24 months, p < 0.00001) |
2021 Willenbrock F [72] | Pro-spective randomized phase II | 60 | LAPC | Baseline serum | GEM-Cape x 3: 1.GEM-Cape + Gem-CRT 2.GEM-Cape + Cape based-CRT | CCL5 | OS | Low CCL5 significantly associated with improve OS | CCL5 low vs. high to OS: 18.5 vs. 11.3 months, P = 0.037 |
2017 Giacomelli [65] | Retro-spective | 57 | NAT and resected LAPC | Blood before, during and after CRT | Before (TP1), during(TP2), and at the end(TP3) of CRT | LMR | OS PFS | 1. Absolute monocyte counts during CRT associated with PFS 2. LMR change (TP3/TP2) > 0.32 predict OS | 1. P = 0.04 2. P < 0.0001 |
2022 De Castro Silva [66] | Retro-spective | 94 | NAC and resected PDAC | Blood before and after NAC | Baseline, after NAT | NLR | Pathologic Response, PFS, OS | 1. Baseline NLR and ∆NLR associated with pathologic response 2. NLR score correlated with PFS and OS | 1. p < 0.001, p = 0.002 2. P = 0.006, p = 0.002 |
2020 Wolfe AR [74] | Retro-spective | 88 | Resected | Baseline RNA | With or without chemotherapy; no radiotherapy | 4-miRNAs signature | Local recurrence, OS | The 4-miRNA signature has the potential to select patients most likely benefit from CRT | Local recurrence: P = 0.001 OS: p = 0.034 |