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Table 3 Patient characteristics and treatment in small and large tumors

From: Radiation dose is associated with improved local control for large, but not small, hepatocellular carcinomas

  

GTV diameter N (%)

 
  

0–5 cm

5 cm<

P value

N (%)

 

50 (39.1)

78 (60.9)

 

Age (mean ± SD, years)

 

63.61 ± 9.11

64.72 ± 9.27

0.506

Gender male

 

39 (78.0)

66 (84.6)

0.342

ECOG

0

26 (53.1)

37 (48.1)

0.460

 

1

17 (34.7)

34 (44.2)

 
 

2

6 (12.2)

5 (6.5)

 
 

3

0 (0)

1 (1.3)

 

Child-Pugh Group

A

31 (64.6)

50 (67.6)

0.271

 

B

11 (22.9)

23 (31.3)

 
 

C

6 (12.5)

1 (1.4)

 

ALBI grade

1

7 (19.0)

16 (28.6)

0.096

 

2

18 (50.0)

33 (58.9)

 
 

3

11 (30.6)

7 (12.5)

 

Received prior local therapy

 

38 (76.0)

56 (71.8)

0.599

Dose per fraction

Conventional (180–200 cGy/Fx)

3 (6.0)

4 (5.1)

< 0.001

 

Hypofractionated (201–500 cGy/Fx)

11 (22.0)

68 (87.2)

 
 

Ultrafractionated (501 cGy/Fx≤)

36 72.0

6 (7.7)

 

Number of fractions

1–5

36 (72.0)

6 (7.7)

< 0.001

 

6–20

8 (16.0)

29 (37.2)

 
 

> 20

6 (12.0)

43 (55.1)

 

Planned treatment break

 

13 (26.0)

21 (26. 9)

0.908

RT treatment modality

Proton

4 (8.0)

32 (41.0)

< 0.001

GTV volume (median, Q1, Q3 cm³)

 

24, 13, 43

314, 173, 538

< 0.001

GTV equivalent sphere diameter (median, Q1, Q3 cm)

3.5, 2.9, 4.3

8.4, 6.9, 10.0

< 0.001

BED10 (median, Q1, Q3, Gy)

 

100, 95, 100

69, 69, 78

< 0.001

Follow-up (median, months)

 

16.3

14.8

0.394

  1. Abbreviations: BED, Biologically Effective Dose; GTV, Gross tumor volume; ECOG, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group; ALBI, Albumin-bilirubin prognostic score