Table 2 Univariable and multivariable analysis for factors affecting overall survival

Age

1.00 (0.99–1.02)

0.869

Sex (male vs. female)

1.35 (0.78–2.34)

0.284

BMI (> 23 kg/m² vs. ≤ 23 kg/m²)

0.88 (0.62–1.23)

0.445

Smoking (yes vs. no)

1.03 (0.77–1.4)

0.823

Drinking (yes vs. no)

0.96 (0.71–1.31)

0.810

Hypertension (yes vs. no)

0.92 (0.59–1.44)

0.717

Diabetes (yes vs. no)

1.39 (0.88–2.2)

0.156

HBsAg (positive vs. negative)

1.16 (0.82–1.66)

0.399

Cirrhosis (yes vs. no)

1.29 (0.93–1.8)

0.129

MVI (yes vs. no)

1.29 (0.95–1.75)

0.097

Extrahepatic metastasis (yes vs. no)

1.36 (1.01–1.84)

0.046

1.27 (0.88–1.83)

0.198

Tumor size (> 6 cm vs. ≤ 6 cm)

1.7 (1.26–2.31)

0.001

0.86 (0.58–1.28)

0.465

Tumor number (> 3 vs. ≤ 3)

2.13 (1.57–2.89)

 < 0.001

1.69 (1.21–2.37)

0.002

BCLC stage C (yes vs. no)

1.54 (1.05–2.25)

0.027

1.09 (0.70–1.72)

0.697

Child Paugh class (B vs. A)

1.47 (1.03–2.12)

0.036

0.94 (0.61–1.45)

0.770

BED (> 60 Gy vs. ≤ 60 Gy)

0.80 (0.59–1.09)

0.161

PLT (< 100 × 10⁹/L vs. ≥ 100 × 10⁹/L)

1.82 (1.19–2.79)

0.006

1.74 (1.11–2.73)

0.017

ALC (> 1.8 × 10⁹/L vs. ≤ 1.8 × 10⁹/L)

0.58 (0.39–0.88)

0.010

0.78 (0.50–1.20)

0.260

ANC (≥ 2 × 10⁹/L vs. < 2 × 10⁹/L)

1.54 (0.92–2.59)

0.101

Hb (< 131 g/L vs. ≥ 131 g/L)

1.50 (1.11–2.03)

0.009

1.31 (0.92–1.84)

0.131

AST (> 40 U/L vs. ≤ 40 U/L)

1.26 (0.94–1.71)

0.126

ALT (> 40 U/L vs. ≤ 40 U/L)

1.03 (0.76–1.4)

0.839

ALP (> 150 U/L vs. ≤ 150 U/L)

1.80 (1.31–2.48)

 < 0.001

1.65 (1.15–2.37)

0.006

TBIL (> 21umol/L vs. ≤ 21umol/L)

1.36 (0.97–1.92)

0.076

Alb (< 55 g/L vs. ≥ 55 g/L)

1.43 (1.06–1.93)

0.021

1.06 (0.73–1.56)

0.746

PT (> 13 s vs. ≤ 13 s)

1.21 (0.89–1.65)

0.213

AFP (≥ 400 ng/ml vs. < 400 ng/ml)

1.45 (1.07–1.98)

0.017

1.52 (1.10–2.10)

0.011

Prior TACE (yes vs. no)

1.04 (0.75–1.43)

0.817

Prior surgery (yes vs. no)

0.53 (0.39–0.72)

 < 0.001

0.63 (0.43–0.93)

0.020

Prior immunotherapy (yes vs. no)

1.89 (0.77–4.63)

0.165

Combined immunotherapy (yes vs. no)

1.15 (0.65–2.05)

0.627