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Table 3 Univariate and multivariate analysis for PFS before and after PSM

From: A retrospective study comparing definitive chemoradiotherapy vs. chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery in T4 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients who were downstaged after neochemoradiotherapy

Characteristics

Before PSM

After PSM

Univariate analysis

Multivariate analysis

Univariate analysis

Multivariate analysis

P

HR (95% CI)

P

HR (95% CI)

P

HR (95% CI)

P

HR (95% CI)

Treatment

CRT-S

0.008

0.463

0.017

0.459

0.026

0.463

0.049

0.488

D-CRT

 

0.258–0.831

 

0.242–0.869

 

0.231–0.929

 

0.238–0.997

Age, years

 ≤ 60

0.020

0.570

0.119

0.671

0.001

0.312

0.009

0.372

 > 60

 

0.354–0.920

 

0.406–1.108

 

0.151–0.642

 

0.176–0.785

Sex

Male

0.142

0.561

  

0.121

0.236

  

Famale

 

0.257–1.227

   

0.032–1.727

  

KPS score

 > 80

0.149

0.647

  

0.056

0.422

  

 ≤ 80

 

0.357–1.174

   

0.170–1.050

  

Smoking status

Ever

0.088

1.603

  

0.036

2.664

0.034

2.864

Never

 

0.927–2.771

   

1.027–6.914

 

1.081–7.589

Smoking index

 < 850

0.056

1.956

  

0.016

4.079

0.224

2.203

 ≥ 850

 

0.969–3.948

   

1.174–14.169

 

0.616–7.881

Drinking index

 > 4500

0.025

0.579

0.022

0.569

0.113

0.565

  

 ≤ 4500

 

0.357–0.938

 

0.351–0.924

 

0.276–1.157

  

T stage

T4a

0.169

1.386

  

0.117

1.172

  

T4b

 

0.868–2.215

   

0.866–3.385

  

N stage

N0

N1

N2

N3

0.224

1.197

0.913–1.568

  

0.323

1.014

0.644–1.594

  

Segment

Cervical

Upper

Middle

Lower

0.815

0.885

0.672–1.164

  

0.427

1.022

0.581–1.798

  

Weight loss

Yes

0.757

0.927

  

0.800

0.913

  

No

 

0.575–1.495

   

0.450–1.852

  
  1. PSM propensity score matching; CRT-S chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery; D-CRT definitive chemoradiotherapy; KPS Karnofsky Performance Status.HR hazard radio; CI confidence interval