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Table 3 Results of the planning study for comparison (see text)

From: Radiotherapeutic treatment options for oligotopic malignant liver lesions

Technique

HDR-Brachytherapy (CTV ≡ PTV)

Cyberknife (CTV ≡ PTV)

VMAT (dHDR + 1 cm)

Tomotherapy (dHDR + 1 cm)

Lesion 1 cm/2 cm (0.7 ml/5.2 ml)

1 catheter

   

Irradiation time [min]

0.9/3.2

72/51

2.6/2.3

3.0/4.2

Dmean [Gy]

56.3/58.1

28.6/34.2

23.9/22.8

25.5/28.2

Coverage 20 Gy [%]

100/98

99.6/99

100/98

100/100

Liver mean dose [Gy]

0.3/1.1

0.7/1.2

1.0/1.7

1.4/2.5

Volume > 10 Gy [ml (%)]

0.5 (0.04)/6 (0.45)

1.3 (0.1)/9.4 (0.7)

17.5 (1.3)/54 (4)

25 (1.9)/77 (5.8)

Volume > 5 Gy [ml (%)]

2 (0.2)/18 (1.3)

8.4 (0.6)/62 (4.6)

94 (7.0)/165 (12)

100 (7.5)/236 (17.7)

Volume > 2 Gy [ml (%)]

24 (1.8)/161 (12)

58 (4)/248 (19)

187 (14)/282 (21)

360 (27)/466 (35)

Volume > 1 Gy [ml (%)]

71 (5)/417 (31)

220 (16)/444 (33)

269 (20)/376 (28)

413 (31)/560 (42)

Kidney right Dmax [Gy]

0.4/1.2

1.1/3.4

2.6/3.7

3.0/4.6

Stomach Dmax [Gy]

0.1/0.2

0.8/1.4

0.5/1.4

1.3/2.1

3 cm lesion (16.5 ml)

1/5 catheters

   

Irradiation time [min]

6.9/6.4

64

2.1

5.1

Dmean [Gy]

58.2/50.1

31.7

21.5

32.5

Coverage 20 Gy [%]

98/96

97.5

93

99

Liver mean dose [Gy]

2.1/2.0

2.0

2.3

4.4

Volume > 10 Gy [ml (%)]

24 (1.8)/22 (1.6)

24 (1.8)

81 (6.0)

187 (14)

Volume > 5 Gy [ml (%)]

59 (4.4)/54 (4.0)

138 (10.5)

207 (15.4)

373 (28)

Volume > 2 Gy [ml (%)]

443 (33)/416 (31)

460 (35)

403 (30)

600 (45)

Volume > 1 Gy [ml (%)]

887 (66)/860 (64)

657 (50)

598 (40)

733 (55)

Kidney right Dmax [Gy]

2.7/2.5

3.9

8.5

6.4

Stomach Dmax [Gy]

0.5/0.5

2.2

0.9

3.1

5 cm lesion (75.9 ml)

1/5 catheters

   

Irradiation time [min]

18.8/17.4

53

1.8

6.1

Dmean [Gy]

58.7/46.3

34.2

22.1

31.3

Coverage 20 Gy [%]

98/98

99.4

97

99

Liver mean dose [Gy]

4.7/4.6

4.4

4.1

5.2

Volume > 10 Gy [ml (%)]

128 (9.5)/120 (9.0)

126 (10)

159 (12)

253 (19)

Volume > 5 Gy [ml (%)]

443 (33)/416 (31)

446 (36)

417 (31)

653 (49)

Volume > 2 Gy [ml (%)]

1102 (82)/1048 (78)

791 (63)

712 (53)

773 (58)

Volume > 1 Gy [ml (%)]

1304 (97)/1290 (96)

937 (75)

874 (65)

959 (72)

Kidney right Dmax [Gy]

2.7/2.5

3.9

9.2

8.9

Stomach Dmax [Gy]

0.5/0.5

2.8

2.9

2.7

  1. CTV clinical target volume, PTV planning target volume, Dmax maximal dose, Dmean mean dose, HDR high-dose-rate, VMAT volumetric modulated arc technique