Table 1 Clinical stages of radiation nephropathy
From: Radiation-induced kidney toxicity: molecular and cellular pathogenesis
| Type | Time after radiotherapy | Symptoms |
|---|---|---|
| Latent period | < 6 months | No symptoms or clinical abnormalities |
| Acute radiation nephropathy | 6–18 months |
Signs of glomerular pathology Oedema, azotaemia, proteinuria, hypertension, hypertensive crisis, fatigue, anaemia |
| Chronic radiation nephropathy | > 18 months |
Signs of chronic kidney disease Hypertension, albuminuria, anaemia, chronic renal failure, small atrophic kidneys |