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Table 4 Estimates of the normal tissue complication probabilities according to the various models applied and endpoints considered. Results are shown as averages (with uncertainty expressed as 1 standard deviation) and median value (second line). The p value is relative to the Wilcoxon signed rank paired test

From: Intensity modulated proton therapy compared to volumetric modulated arc therapy in the irradiation of young female patients with hodgkin’s lymphoma. Assessment of risk of toxicity and secondary cancer induction

Organ

Model

Endpoint

RA

IMPT

∆(RA-IMPT)

p

LAD

RR

Failure

1.41 ± 0.34

1.28 ± 0.39

0.13 ± 0.15

0.001

1.28

1.16

Left Ventricle

RR

Failure

1.26 ± 0.20

1.13 ± 0.18

0.13 ± 0.10

< 0.001

1.20

1.02

Heart

NTCP

Death (LQ)

0.16 ± 0.16

0.15 ± 0.13

0.02 ± 0.04

0.03

0.14

0.12

0.01

Lungs

NTCP

Pneum LQ

0.30 ± 0.37

0.14 ± 0.20

0.16 ± 0.21

< 0.001

0.17

0.05

0.09

NTCP

Pneum LKB

1.98 ± 1.04

1.34 ± 0.74

0.64 ± 0.47

< 0.001

1.77

1.09

0.55

NTCP

SymPneum LKB

4.61 ± 2.98

3.19 ± 2.27

1.42 ± 1.13

< 0.001

3.84

2.36

1.09

NTCP

SymFibr LKB

3.26 ± 1.79

2.75 ± 1.72

0.51 ± 0.45

< 0.001

2.75

2.22

0.38

Esophagus

NTCP

Esophagitis

2.61 ± 1.49

2.47 ± 1.52

0.15 ± 0.27

0.04

2.47

2.35

0.14

Composite 1

NTCP

12.92 ± 7.09

10.02 ± 5.83

2.90 ± 2.24

< 0.001

11.04

8.17

2.24

Composite 2

RR

2.68 ± 0.51

2.41 ± 0.55

0.26 ± 0.22

< 0.001

2.46

2.18

0.22

  1. RR relative risk, NTCP normal tissue complication probability, Pneum LQ Pneumonitis with Poisson-LQ model, Pneum LKB Pneumonitis with Lyman model, SymPneum LKB Symptomatic or radiographic pneumonitis ≤6 months with Lyman model, SymFibr LKB Symptomatic or radiographic fibrosis > 6 months with Lyman Model