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Table 2 Interfractional uncertainty related to liver target localization from various studies

From: Assessment of setup uncertainty in hypofractionated liver radiation therapy with a breath-hold technique using automatic image registration–based image guidance

Study

No. of daily images

No. of patients

Quantity evaluated

AP (mm)

LR (mm)

SI (mm)

Dawson et al. [6]

Not stated

5

Difference in the location of hepatic microcoil relative to bone

M = 3.2 (range 1.2–6.5)

M = 3.3 (range 1.4–5.9)

M = 6.6 (range 2.3–10.9)

Balter et al. [23]

Not stated

8

Random setup uncertainty

σ = 4.1

σ = 4.2

σ = 7.0

Eccles et al. [11]

120

20

Location of diaphragm relative to vertebral body

Not evaluated

Not evaluated

M = 3.4 (range 1.5–7.9)

Hawkins et al. [24]

78 MV images, 72 CBCT images

13

Residual error in liver position after orthogonal MV setup

Σ = 1.3

σ = 3.0

Σ = 1.9

σ = 2.3

Σ = 1.1

σ = 2.7

Case et al. [25]

158

73

Liver position in patients treated with free-breathing technique

M = −1.0

Σ = 1.6

σ = 2.7

M = 1.0

Σ = 1.5

σ = 1.8

M = 1.0

Σ = 3.1

σ = 3.6

156

Liver position in patients treated with ABC

M = −0.9

Σ = 1.9

σ = 2.2

M = 0.8

Σ = 1.5

σ = 1.8

M = 0.3

Σ = 2.8

σ = 2.6

  1. AP anterior-posterior, LR left-right, SI superior-inferior, σ, random uncertainty, MV megavoltage, CBCT cone-beam computed tomography,Σ systematic uncertainty, M mean of all setup offsets, ABC active breathing control