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Table 5 Risk of bias assessment summary table
| Study Id | Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cooperberg [39] | high | low | low | low |
| Bittner [27] | high | low | high | low |
| Buyyounouski [38] | low | low | low | low |
| Cooperberg (41) | low | high | low | low |
| Delouya [19] | low | high | low | low |
| Engineer [9] | low | high | low | low |
| Feng [28] | low | low | low | low |
| Frank [25] | unclear | high | low | low |
| Frank [45] | unclear | low | unclear | low |
| Halverson [46] | low | low | low | low |
| Huang [47] | low | low | low | low |
| Kaplan [12] | unclear | high | low | low |
| Krishnan [20] | low | high | low | low |
| Kubicek [48] | low | low | low | high |
| Marshall [11] | unclear | low | low | low |
| Potters [16] | unclear | high | low | low |
| Rodrigues [14] | high | unclear | low | low |
| Proust-Lima [51] | low | low | unclear | low |
| Sabolch [53] | low | low | low | low |
| Sanpaolo [21] | low | low | low | low |
| Slater [54] | high | low | low | low |
| Spratt [55] | low | low | low | low |
| Steigler [56] | low | low | low | unclear |
| Taylor [58] | low | low | unclear | low |
| Vainshtein [18] | low | low | low | low |
| Vance [60] | low | low | low | low |
| Wattson [61] | low | high | low | low |
| Westphalen [62] | unclear | high | low | low |
| Williams [17] | low | high | low | low |
| Yoshida [15] | unclear | low | unclear | low |
| Zaorsky [65] | low | low | low | low |
| Zelefsky [10] | low | high | low | low |
| Zelefsky [68] | low | low | low | low |
| Zelefsky [66] | low | low | low | low |
| Zumsteg [69] | low | low | low | low |
| D’Amico [43] | low | high | low | low |
| Yu [64] | low | low | low | low |
| D’Ambrosio [41] | unclear | low | low | low |
| Denham [44] | low | unclear | low | low |
| McKenna [49] | unclear | high | low | high |
| Yu [63] | low | unclear | unclear | low |
| D’Amico [42] | low | low | low | low |
| Zelefsky [67] | low | low | low | low |
| Thames [59] | low | low | unclear | low |
| Qian [52] | low | low | low | low |
| Sylvester [57] | low | low | low | high |
| Murgic [50] | low | high | low | low |
| Low/47 | 34 (72%) | 30 (64%) | 40 (85%) | 43 (91%) |
