Table 4 Prognostic tools relating to combinations of brachytherapy and external beam radiation therapy
Author | Model type | Variables | Variable readily available? | Validation (I/E) | Accuracy | Metric | Sample size (number of events) | Outcome | Tx |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Rodrigues [14] | Survival model (Cox) | T stage, PSA and Gleason | Yes | Internal (cross validation) | 0.64 | c-index | 7839 (NR) | OS | Brachytherapy and or EBRT |
Rodrigues [14] | Survival model (Cox) | T stage, PSA and Gleason | Yes | Internal (cross validation) | 0.67 | c-index | 7839 (NR) | BFFF | Brachytherapy and or EBRT |
Delouya [19] | Survival model (Cox) | CAPRA score (Age, PSA, Gleason score, T-stage, PPB) | Yes | External | 0.69, 95%CI 55.0 to 83.8; 0.66, 95%CI 54.4 to 78.3; 0.68, 95%CI 58.5 to 77.2; 0.62 95%CI 53.2 to 70.7 | c-index at 2, 3, 4, and 5Â years | 744 (47) | BFFF | Brachytherapy or EBRT |
Delouya [19] | Survival model (Cox) | D’Amico classification (T-stage, PSA and Gleason) | Yes | External | 59.1% - 61.6%; and 54.5% - 61.6% | 3-5 year sensitivity and specificity | 744 (47) | BFFF | Brachytherapy or EBRT |
Wattson [61] | Survival Model (Fine and Gray) | Number of high-risk factors (prostate-specific antigen >20 ng/mL, biopsy Gleason score 8–10, or clinical stage T2c), adjusted for age, comorbidity, and the type of supplemental treatment | No, comorbidity | Not stated | Not stated | NA | 2234 (57) | PCSM | EBRT and or Brachytherapy |
Kubicek [48] | Survival model | Mid therapy PSA (<25% vs > =25%) | No, mid therapy PSA cohort specific | Not stated | Not stated | NA | 717 (NR) | Disease free survival | Brachytherapy and EBRT |
Kubicek [48] | Survival model | Mid therapy PSA (<25% vs > =25%) | No, mid therapy PSA cohort specific | Not stated | Not stated | NA | 717 (NR) | OS | Brachytherapy and EBRT |
Krishnan [20] | Survival model (Cox) | CAPRA scores (based on PSA, Biopsy Gleason, Age at diagnosis, clinical tumour stage and % biopsy cores positive for cancer) | Yes | External | Not stated | NA | 345 (45) | BCF | EBRT and/or LDR |
McKenna [49] | Survival model (Cox) | Patient age, hormonal treatment, baseline PSA, and degree of extracapsular extension, pre-treatment MRI | Yes, where MRI is routine | Not stated | Not stated | NA | 80 (4) | Metastatic recurrence and BCF | EBRT or EBRT with Brachytherapy |