Table 1 Half value layers (HVL) in Al and mean or effective energies for the spectra of IORT devices using KV X-rays

Zeiss Dosimetry manual [90]

Intrabeam

bare probe

water

10 mm fom tip

50 kV

0.64 mm

20.4 keV

beam quality T30 -T50 (PTW definition)

40 kV

0.48 mm

19.1 keV

≈T30

30 kV

0.41 mm

17.3 keV

≈T30

Beatty 1996 [17]

bare probe

air

40 keV

0.1 mm

2nd HVL

40 keV

0.16 mm

Armoogum 2007 [18]

bare probe

air

Beatty 1996 [17]

bare probe

in air behind 0.5 cm solid water

40 kV

0.3 mm

14.8 keV

in air behind 1 cm solid water

40 kV

0.71 mm

19.9 keV

1.5cm solid water

21.7 keV

2cm solid water

23.5 keV

Armoogum 2007 [18]

bare probe

in solid water

1cm

1.11 mm

23.5 keV

broad beam

5mm

0.54 mm

18 keV

in air

0.11 mm

10.75 keV

Avanzo 2012 [95]

bare probe

in solid water

1cm

50 kV

1.75 mm

2cm

2.14 mm

3.82 mm

Ebert 2009 [101]

bare probe

in water

0 cm

50 kV

19.5 keV

5 mm

27.3 keV

For other depths, changes in spectra were calculated using linear attenuation in water and inverse-square of distance

15 mm

31.5 keV

30 mm

34 keV

"

Avanzo 2012 [95]

bare probe

air

50 kV

0.11 mm

10.2 keV

3.5 cm appl.

solid water

0.8 mm

20.7 keV

4 cm appl.

0.98 mm

22.5 keV

4.5 cm appl.

1,1 mm

23.7 keV

5 cm appl.

1,23 mm

25.1 keV

bare probe

1 cm depth in solid water

1,75 mm

28.0 keV

bare probe

2 cm depth in solid water

2,14 mm

29.3 keV

bare probe

beind Tungsten rubber shield

3,82 mm

36.3 keV

Eaton 2010 [43]

1.5 cm appl.

air

50 kV

1.1 mm

narrow beam

3cm appl.

air

1.3 mm

narrow beam

3.5 cm appl.

air

0.85 mm

narrow beam

4.5 cm appl.

air

1.24 -1.25 mm

broad beam

5cm appl.

air

1.26-1.29 mm

broad beam

Croce et al. 2012 [28]

Papillon

50 kV

Carver et al. 2013 [98]

22/25 mm Appl.

0.64 mm

Liu 2008 [111]

Xoft Axxent

bare source

air

40 kV

0.45 ± 0.07 mm

16.8 ± 0.9 keV

2nd HVL

0.7 ± 0.1

50 kV

0.5 ± 0.2 mm

18 ± 2 keV

2nd HVL

0.9 ± 0.3 mm

water

1.5cm

40 kV

1.04 ± 0.04 mm