Novel risk scores for survival and intracranial failure in patients treated with radiosurgery alone to melanoma brain metastases

Table 2 Univariate and multivariable Cox proportional hazards analysis for overall survival

Prognostic factor	Univariate analysis		Multivariable analysis
Prognostic factor	Hazard ratio (95 % CI)	P value	Hazard ratio (95 % CI)	P value
Age (continuous)	1.02 (1.00-1.03)	0.064
Age (>70 or ≤ 70)^a	1.52 (0.89-2.58)	0.123
Gender (female or male)^b	1.3 (0.81-2.22)	0.241	1.76 (1.04-2.97)	0.034
KPS (>80 or ≤ 80)	5.16 (2.55-10.45)	<.0001	8.09 (3.79-17.28)	0.001
Extracranial disease (absent vs. stable/active)	5.27 (1.64-16.94)	0.005	5.37 (1.65-17.48)	0.002
Extracranial disease (absent/stable vs. active)	2.31 (1.24-4.29)	0.008
No. of lesions
1	1.00
2-4	2.01 (1.09-3.71)	0.025	2.61 (1.37-4.96)	0.004
>4	2.98 (1.47-6.03)	0.002	3.24 (1.56-6.72)	0.002
BRAF (WT vs. mutation)	0.99 (0.57-1.70)	0.960
Metastases volume (<1 cc vs. ≥1 cc)	1.70 (1.02-2.82)	0.041
Treatment volume (<4 cc vs. ≥4 cc)	1.66 (1.02-2.70)	0.042
Peri-SRS systemic therapy (no vs. yes)	1.49 (0.92-2.43)	0.109
Post-SRS systemic therapy (no vs. yes)	0.41 (0.20-0.85)	0.016

Abbreviations: BRAF B-Raf proto-oncogene, CI 95 % confidence interval, KPS Karnosfky performance status, peri-SRS at the time of stereotactic radiosurgery, post-SRS after stereotactic radiosurgery, WT wild-type, ^acut-off at the upper quartile of age; ^bstepwise regression of all variables identified gender as being significant, therefore, it was included on multivariable analysis

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