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Table 4 Seed migration literature review

From: Seed migration after transperineal interstitial prostate brachytherapy by using loose seeds: Japanese prostate cancer outcome study of permanent iodine-125 seed implantation (J-POPS) multi-institutional cohort study

     

Percentage of patients with migration

  

Authors

Year

Number of patients

Numbers of PI/PI + EBRT

Isotope

Lung

Others

Lung + Others

Percentage of total seeds

Time of checking for migration

Grimm et al. [21]

1993

221

221/0

I-125/Pd-103 (loose)

17.6

-

-

-

Day 1

Nag et al. [22]

1997

107

107/0

Pd-103 (loose)

17.8

-

-

0.3 (lung)

1 month

Tapen et al. [23]

1998

289

244/45

I-125/Pd-103 (loose, linked)

5.9 (loose 11.0, linked 0.7 )

-

-

-

Day 1

Merrick et al. [10]

2000

175

73/102

I-125/Pd-103 (loose, linked)

21.8 (loose 22.2, linked 21.4)

-

-

0.22 (lung)

<14 days, or >30 days

Older et al. [11]

2001

110

110/0

Pd-103 (loose)

29.0

-

-

-

1-16 months

Ankem et al. [24]

2002

58

Unknown

I-125/Pd-103 (loose)

36.2

-

-

0.72 (lung)

15-90 days (median 45 days)

Eshleman et al. [19]

2004

100

100/0

I-125/Pd-103 (loose)

55.0

-

-

0.98 (lung)

2-3 months

Chauveinc et al. [25]

2004

170

170/0

I-125 (loose)

16.0

-

-

0.26 (lung)

2 months

Kunos et al. [26]

2004

120

120/0

I-125/Pd-103 (loose)

43.0

-

-

0.54 (lung), 0.33 (pelvis)

Median 133 days

Fueller et al. [20]

2004

37

37/0

I-125/Pd-103 (loose)

24.0

5.4

-

0.193 (lung), 0.035 (pelvis)

3-12 months

  

23

23/0

I-125/Pd-103 (linked)

0

0

-

0

3-12 months

Stone et al. [12]

2005

238

199/39

I-125/Pd103

1.7

-

-

-

Median 30 months

Saibishkumar et al. [13]

2009

20

20/0

I-125 (loose)

20.0

-

-

0.23

1 month

  

20

20/0

I-125 (linked)

0

-

-

0

1 month

Kono et al. [8]

2010

62

62/0

I-125 (loose)

-

-

69.4

0.87 (lung), 1.4 (abdomen + pelvis + thigh)

1 month (scintigraphy)

Sugawara et al. [9]

2011

267

265/2

I-125 (loose)

22.2

7.9

-

0.36 (lung), 0.11 (abdomen + pelvis)

Median 41 months

Taussky et al. [7]

2012

495

495/0

I-125 (loose)

10.3

-

22.8

0.26 (lung), 0.58 (lung + others)

1 month

Miyazawa et al. [29]

2012

121

116/5

I-125 (loose)

-

-

25.6

0.65 (total), 0.28 (lung), 0.34 (others)

12 months

Ishiyama et al. [42]

2014

66

66/0

I-125 (loose)

30.0

39.3 (abdominopelvis)

52*

-

1 month

  

74

74/0

I-125 (linked)

0

0

0

-

1 month

J-POPS

2015

1641

1641/0

I-125 (loose)

14.6

11.1

22.7

0.49 (lung+others)

Day 1 to 3 months

  

519

0/519

I-125 (loose)

11.2

8.5

18.1

0.53 (lung+others)

Day 1 to 3 months

  1. *: Include lung, abdominopelvis, seminal vesicle and seed positioned more than 1cm from other seeds
  2. I-125 = idodine-125; Pd-103 = palladium-103; J-POPS = Japanese Prostate Cancer Outcome Study of Permanent Iodine-125 Seed Implantation
  3. PI = permanent iodine-125 seed implantation; PI+EBRT = PI combined with external beam radiation therapy