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Table 4 Planning parameters specified in current treatment planning studies for passively scattered proton CSI

From: Standardized treatment planning methodology for passively scattered proton craniospinal irradiation

Planning Parameters

 

Proton Planning Studies in the Literature

Yuh et al.[10]

St. Clair et al.[7]

Yoon et al.[9]

Miralbell et al.[38]

Taddei et al.[8]

Number of Patients

3

1

10

1

2

Patient Age (y)

3 − 4

3.6

2 − 17

3

9,10

Cranial Field Orientation

RAO, LAO

RL, LL

RL, LL

None

RAO, LAO

Spinal Fields: Number, Orientation

1 − 3, PA

1, PA

1 − 3, PA

1

2, PA

Optimization

"restrict to disease site"

None stated

Proton plans re-normalized for comparison with Tomotherapy plans

constraint to achieve uniform dose to whole spinal theca

None stated

Uncertainty Margins (cm) (with respect to clinical target)

Not given

0.3 (Penumbra for 160 MeV protons)

Proximal: 0.2 Distal: 0.2 Lateral: 1 Smear: 0.3

0.5 (symmetric around CTV)

Not given

  1. Abbreviations in this table: right anterior oblique (RAO), left anterior oblique (LAO), right lateral (RL), left lateral (LL), posterior-to-anterior (PA).
  2. *Newhauser et al. [39] used risk contributed by infield protons reported by Miralbell et al. and added risk contributed by stray neutrons based in phantom Monte Carlo simulations of proton CSI fields (PA cranial field, PA upper spine field, and PA lower spine field).