Table 1 Characteristics of all brachytherapy trials (n = 446)
From: Review of brachytherapy clinical trials: a cross-sectional analysis of ClinicalTrials.gov
Category | Type | Count | Proportion |
|---|---|---|---|
Type of brachytherapy | HDR | 169 | 0.379 |
LDR | 138 | 0.309 | |
Unclear | 104 | 0.233 | |
HDR/LDR | 28 | 0.063 | |
HDR/PDR | 5 | 0.011 | |
PDR | 2 | 0.004 | |
Number of trial arms | Single arm | 201 | 0.451 |
Multiple arms | 245 | 0.549 | |
Protocol initiator | Academic | 347 | 0.778 |
Collaborative groups | 35 | 0.078 | |
Industry | 55 | 0.123 | |
NIH | 9 | 0.02 | |
Source of funding | Academic | 279 | 0.626 |
NIH | 59 | 0.132 | |
Industry | 93 | 0.209 | |
Collaborative groups | 9 | 0.02 | |
Public–private partnership | 6 | 0.013 | |
Organ | Prostate | 129 | 0.289 |
Cervix | 82 | 0.184 | |
Liver | 41 | 0.092 | |
Other | 31 | 0.07 | |
Endometrium | 19 | 0.043 | |
Breast | 37 | 0.083 | |
Esophagus | 12 | 0.027 | |
Rectum | 13 | 0.029 | |
Vaginal | 8 | 0.018 | |
Uterus | 13 | 0.029 | |
Brain | 14 | 0.031 | |
Pancreas | 12 | 0.027 | |
Eye | 5 | 0.011 | |
Skin | 13 | 0.029 | |
Lung | 7 | 0.016 | |
Salivary gland | 1 | 0.002 | |
Head and neck | 8 | 0.018 | |
Kidney | 1 | 0.002 | |
Malignancy | Yes | 437 | 0.98 |
No | 9 | 0.02 | |
Country | United States | 152 | 0.341 |
International | 39 | 0.087 | |
Canada | 61 | 0.137 | |
China | 41 | 0.092 | |
Data not available | 24 | 0.054 | |
France | 25 | 0.056 | |
India | 11 | 0.025 | |
United Kingdom | 10 | 0.022 | |
Netherlands | 6 | 0.013 | |
Poland | 6 | 0.013 | |
Germany | 11 | 0.025 | |
Brazil | 5 | 0.011 | |
Russian Federation | 3 | 0.007 | |
Italy | 6 | 0.013 | |
Bangladesh | 1 | 0.002 | |
Thailand | 1 | 0.002 | |
Saudi Arabia | 1 | 0.002 | |
Czechia | 1 | 0.002 | |
Korea, Republic of | 1 | 0.002 | |
Norway | 1 | 0.002 | |
Singapore | 2 | 0.004 | |
Japan | 2 | 0.004 | |
Iran, Islamic Republic of | 1 | 0.002 | |
Azerbaijan | 1 | 0.002 | |
South Africa | 1 | 0.002 | |
Indonesia | 1 | 0.002 | |
Hungary | 1 | 0.002 | |
Mexico | 1 | 0.002 | |
Finland | 2 | 0.004 | |
Austria | 3 | 0.007 | |
Israel | 9 | 0.02 | |
Spain | 4 | 0.009 | |
Australia | 3 | 0.007 | |
Denmark | 2 | 0.004 | |
New Zealand | 1 | 0.002 | |
Hong Kong | 1 | 0.002 | |
Egypt | 1 | 0.002 | |
Argentina | 1 | 0.002 | |
Taiwan | 1 | 0.002 | |
Slovenia | 1 | 0.002 | |
Cyprus | 1 | 0.002 | |
Trial phase | Phase 3 | 96 | 0.215 |
Phase 2 | 129 | 0.289 | |
Data not available | 122 | 0.274 | |
Phase 4 | 16 | 0.036 | |
Phase 1 | 37 | 0.083 | |
Phase 2/phase 3 | 9 | 0.02 | |
Phase 1/phase 2 | 27 | 0.061 | |
Early phase 1 | 10 | 0.022 | |
Endpoint classification | Safety/efficacy | 296 | 0.664 |
Efficacy | 74 | 0.166 | |
Other | 31 | 0.07 | |
Safety | 39 | 0.087 | |
Data not available | 6 | 0.013 | |
Primary purpose | Treatment | 407 | 0.913 |
Supportive care | 14 | 0.031 | |
Other | 8 | 0.018 | |
Prevention | 5 | 0.011 | |
Screening | 2 | 0.004 | |
Health services research | 3 | 0.007 | |
Device feasibility | 3 | 0.007 | |
Diagnostic | 3 | 0.007 | |
Data not available | 1 | 0.002 | |
Status | Completed | 159 | 0.357 |
Unknown status | 85 | 0.191 | |
Recruiting | 120 | 0.269 | |
Active, not recruiting | 54 | 0.121 | |
Not yet recruiting | 24 | 0.054 | |
Suspended | 3 | 0.007 | |
Enrolling by invitation | 1 | 0.002 |