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Clinical Radiation Oncology

Section edited by Stephanie Combs, Pirus Ghadjar, Matthias Guckenberger, Daniel Habermehl, Silke Nachbichler, Maximilian Niyazi, and Falk Roeder

The Clinical Radiation Oncology section aims to provide a platform for clinical research in radiation oncology. Research includes innovative early phase and later stage clinical trials, technical approaches, review articles on “burning” clinical questions, invited key reviews, RT planning studies, multimodal therapy, data mining from retrospective cohorts in a hypothesis-generating manner, interconnection between imaging and improved target delineation, and intensity modulation/high precision techniques. The section addresses current, timely and cutting- edge research and reviews about clinically relevant issues in radiation oncology, while offering a fast review process.

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  1. We recently described the validation of deep learning-based auto-segmented contour (DC) models for organs at risk (OAR) and clinical target volumes (CTV). In this study, we evaluate the performance of implemen...

    Authors: Jordan Wong, Vicky Huang, Derek Wells, Joshua Giambattista, Jonathan Giambattista, Carter Kolbeck, Karl Otto, Elantholi P. Saibishkumar and Abraham Alexander
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:101
  2. Centrally located lung tumors present treatment challenges given their proximity to mediastinal structures including the central airway, esophagus, major vessels, and heart. Therapeutic options can be limited ...

    Authors: Stephanie M. Yoon, Robert Suh, Fereidoun Abtin, Drew Moghanaki, Scott Genshaft, Mitchell Kamrava, Alexandra Drakaki, Sandy Liu, Puja Venkat, Alan Lee and Albert J. Chang
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:99
  3. Brachial plexopathy is a potentially serious complication from stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) that has not been widely studied. Therefore, we compared datasets from two different institutions and g...

    Authors: Irina Kapitanova, Sharmi Biswas, Sabrina Divekar, Eric J. Kemmerer, Robert A. Rostock, Kenneth M. Forster, Rachel J. Grimm, Carla J. Scofield, Jimm Grimm, Bahman Emami and Anand Mahadevan
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:98
  4. In this study, we performed a consecutive macropathologic analysis to assess microscopic extension (ME) in high-grade glioma (HGG) to determine appropriate clinical target volume (CTV) margins for radiotherapy.

    Authors: Shulun Nie, Yufang Zhu, Jia Yang, Tao Xin, Song Xue, Xianbin Zhang, Jujie Sun, Dianbin Mu, Yongsheng Gao, Zhaoqiu Chen, Xingchen Ding, Jinming Yu and Man Hu
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:97
  5. We have carried out a study to determine the scope for reducing heart doses in photon beam radiotherapy of locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (LA-NSCLC).

    Authors: Louise Turtle, Neeraj Bhalla, Andrew Willett, Robert Biggar, Jonathan Leadbetter, Georgios Georgiou, James M. Wilson, Sindu Vivekanandan, Maria A. Hawkins, Michael Brada and John D. Fenwick
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:95
  6. This retrospective study was to assess and compare the toxicity and efficacy of concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) with S-1 or docetaxel and cisplatin in patients with locally advanced esophageal squamous cel...

    Authors: Xi-Lei Zhou, Chang-Hua Yu, Wan-Wei Wang, Fu-Zhi Ji, Yao-Zu Xiong, Wei-Guo Zhu and Yu-Suo Tong
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:94
  7. Patients with locally advanced sigmoid colon cancer (LASCC) have limited treatment options and a dismal prognosis with poor quality of life. This retrospective study aimed to further evaluate the feasibility...

    Authors: Shao-Qing Niu, Rong-Zhen Li, Yan Yuan, Wei-Hao Xie, Qiao-Xuan Wang, Hui Chang, Zhen-Hai Lu, Pei-Rong Ding, Li-Ren Li, Xiao-Jun Wu, Zhi-Fan Zeng, Wei-Wei Xiao and Yuan-Hong Gao
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:93
  8. Lymph node metastases presenting with locally advanced cervical cancer are poor prognostic features. Modern radiotherapy approaches enable dose escalation to radiologically abnormal nodes. This study reports ...

    Authors: Iresha Jayatilakebanda, Yat Man Tsang and Peter Hoskin
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:92

    The Correction to this article has been published in Radiation Oncology 2021 16:156

  9. The application of delayed-enhancement magnetic resonance (DE-MR) simulation imaging in lumpectomy cavity (LC) delineation for prone radiotherapy in patients with an invisible seroma or a low seroma clarity sc...

    Authors: Changhui Zhao, Jianbin Li, Wei Wang, Guanzhong Gong, Liang Xu, Yingjie Zhang, Fengxiang Li, Qian Shao, Jinzhi Wang, Xijun Liu and Min Xu
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:91
  10. Early stage Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare and aggressive primary skin cancer. The standard of care for MCC is broad excision and adjuvant external beam radiation therapy (EBRT). However, for some patie...

    Authors: Manon Dubois, Henry Abi Rached, Alexandre Escande, Frédéric Dezoteux, Franck Darloy, Anaïs Jouin, Maeva Kyheng, Julien Labreuche, Véronique Dziwniel, Xavier Mirabel and Laurent Mortier
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:90
  11. Studying the clinical utility of deep-inspirational breath-hold (DIBH) in left breast cancer radiotherapy (RT) was aimed at focusing on dosimetry and feasibility aspects.

    Authors: Szilvia Gaál, Zsuzsanna Kahán, Viktor Paczona, Renáta Kószó, Rita Drencsényi, Judit Szabó, Ramóna Rónai, Tímea Antal, Bence Deák and Zoltán Varga
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:89
  12. Hypofractionated post-prostatectomy radiotherapy is emerging practice, however with no randomized evidence so far to support it’s use. Additionally, patients with persistent PSA after prostatectomy may have ag...

    Authors: Jure Murgic, Blanka Jaksic, Marin Prpic, Davor Kust, Amit Bahl, Mirjana Budanec, Angela Prgomet Secan, Pierfrancesco Franco, Ivan Kruljac, Borislav Spajic, Nenad Babic, Bozo Kruslin, Mario Zovak, Eduardo Zubizarreta, Eduardo Rosenblatt and Ana Fröbe
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:88
  13. In unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma several local ablative treatments are available. Among others, radiation based treatments such as stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) and high-dose rate interstitial ...

    Authors: Franziska Walter, Lukas Nierer, Maya Rottler, Anna Sophie Duque, Helmut Weingandt, Justus Well, Roel Shpani, Guillaume Landry, Max Seidensticker, Florian Streitparth, Jens Ricke, Claus Belka and Stefanie Corradini
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:86
  14. the aim of this study is to perform an external validation for the Candiolo nomogram, a predictive algorithm of biochemical and clinical recurrences in prostate cancer patients treated by radical Radiotherapy,...

    Authors: Domenico Gabriele, Alessia Guarneri, Sara Bartoncini, Fernando Munoz, Matteo Tamponi, Filippo Russo, Georgios Stamatakos, Caterina Guiot, Daniele Regge and Umberto Ricardi
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:85
  15. To assess the effects of daily adaptive MR-guided replanning in stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) of liver metastases based on a patient individual longitudinal dosimetric analysis.

    Authors: Michael Mayinger, Roman Ludwig, Sebastian M. Christ, Riccardo Dal Bello, Alex Ryu, Nienke Weitkamp, Matea Pavic, Helena Garcia Schüler, Lotte Wilke, Matthias Guckenberger, Jan Unkelbach, Stephanie Tanadini-Lang and Nicolaus Andratschke
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:84
  16. Positron emission tomography-(PET) has evolved as a powerful tool to guide treatment for prostate cancer (PC). The aim of this survey was to evaluate the acceptance and use of PET—especially with prostate-spec...

    Authors: Marco M. E. Vogel, Sabrina Dewes, Eva K. Sage, Michal Devecka, Jürgen E. Gschwend, Matthias Eiber, Stephanie E. Combs and Kilian Schiller
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:82
  17. The current phase III EORTC 1420 Best-of trial (NCT02984410) compares the swallowing function after transoral surgery versus intensity modulated radiotherapy (RT) in patients with early-stage carcinoma of the ...

    Authors: J-J Stelmes, E. Vu, V. Grégoire, C. Simon, E. Clementel, J. Kazmierska, W. Grant, M. Ozsahin, M. Tomsej, L. Vieillevigne, C. Fortpied, E. C. Hurkmans, A. Branquinho, N. Andratschke, F. Zimmermann and D.-C. Weber
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:81
  18. Radiomics is a new technology to noninvasively predict survival prognosis with quantitative features extracted from medical images. Most radiomics-based prognostic studies of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC)...

    Authors: Yuto Sugai, Noriyuki Kadoya, Shohei Tanaka, Shunpei Tanabe, Mariko Umeda, Takaya Yamamoto, Kazuya Takeda, Suguru Dobashi, Haruna Ohashi, Ken Takeda and Keiichi Jingu
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:80
  19. The optimal dose and fractionation scheme of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unclear due to different tolerated liver volumes and degrees of cirrhosis. In ...

    Authors: Ting-Shi Su, Qiu-Hua Liu, Xiao-Fei Zhu, Ping Liang, Shi-Xiong Liang, Lin Lai, Ying Zhou, Yong Huang, Tao Cheng and Le-Qun Li
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:79
  20. Liver compresses are frequently used in integrative medicine as supportive therapy during cancer treatment in order to reduce fatigue. We performed a pilot study to test whether the external application of yar...

    Authors: Pirus Ghadjar, Wiebke Stritter, Irina von Mackensen, Felix Mehrhof, Clara Foucré, Vincent H. Ehrhardt, Marcus Beck, Pimrapat Gebert, Goda Kalinauskaite, Jacqueline S. Luchte, Carmen Stromberger, Volker Budach, Angelika Eggert and Georg Seifert
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:76
  21. Despite modern treatment techniques, radiotherapy (RT) in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) may be associated with high rates of acute and late treatment-related toxicity. The most effective approach to...

    Authors: Thomas Held, Christopher Herpel, Franz Sebastian Schwindling, Leo Christ, Kristin Lang, Sebastian Regnery, Tanja Eichkorn, Adriane Hommertgen, Cornelia Jaekel, Johannes Krisam, Julius Moratin, Jan Mrosek, Karl Metzger, Karim Zaoui, Tracy Moutsis, Semi Harrabi…
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:75
  22. To generate and validate state-of-the-art radiomics models for prediction of radiation-induced lung injury and oncologic outcome in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients treated with robotic stereotactic...

    Authors: Khaled Bousabarah, Oliver Blanck, Susanne Temming, Maria-Lisa Wilhelm, Mauritius Hoevels, Wolfgang W. Baus, Daniel Ruess, Veerle Visser-Vandewalle, Maximilian I. Ruge, Harald Treuer and Martin Kocher
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:74
  23. Despite complete surgical resection brain metastases are at significant risk of local recurrence without additional radiation therapy. Traditionally, the addition of postoperative whole brain radiotherapy (WBR...

    Authors: Giuseppe Minniti, Maximilian Niyazi, Nicolaus Andratschke, Matthias Guckenberger, Joshua D. Palmer, Helen A. Shih, Simon S. Lo, Scott Soltys, Ivana Russo, Paul D. Brown and Claus Belka
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:73

    The Letter to the Editor to this article has been published in Radiation Oncology 2021 16:127

  24. The study objective was to establish the local effect model (LEM) rectum constraints for 12-, 8-, and 4-fraction carbon-ion radiotherapy (CIRT) in patients with localized prostate carcinoma (PCA) using microdo...

    Authors: Weiwei Wang, Ping Li, Yinxiangzi Sheng, Zhijie Huang, Jingfang Zhao, Zhengshan Hong, Kambiz Shahnazi, Guo-Liang Jiang and Qing Zhang
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:72
  25. Clinical target volume (CTV) contouring guidelines are frequently developed through studies in which experts contour the CTV for a representative set of cases for a given treatment site and the consensus CTVs ...

    Authors: Liam S. P. Lawrence, Lee C. L. Chin, Rachel W. Chan, Timothy K. Nguyen, Arjun Sahgal, Chia-Lin Tseng and Angus Z. Lau
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:71
  26. Previous studies have found that patients with subclinical interstitial lung disease (ILD) are highly susceptible to developing radiation pneumonitis (RP) after thoracic radiation therapy. In the present study...

    Authors: Fangjuan Li, Hui Liu, Hongyu Wu, Shixiong Liang and Yaping Xu
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:70
  27. Patients with unresectable advanced cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) are generally treated with palliative intent. Immune checkpoint blockade has significant activity in the palliative setting in patie...

    Authors: Charles Lin, Trishna Ballah, Michelle Nottage, Karen Hay, Benjamin Chua, Lizbeth Kenny, Paul Thomas, Michele Teng, Jacqui Keller, Trang Le, Jennifer Edmunds and Brett Hughes
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:69
  28. Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) is a promising ablative modality for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) especially for those with small-sized or early-stage tumors. This study aimed to synthesize available d...

    Authors: Yanyan Long, Yan Liang, Shujie Li, Jing Guo, Ying Wang, Yan Luo and Yongzhong Wu
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:68
  29. Definitive chemoradiotherapy (CRT) is standard of care for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Due to the tumor localization and concomitant platinum-based chemotherapy, hearing impairment is a frequent complication, wi...

    Authors: Enkelejda Lamaj, Erwin Vu, Janita E. van Timmeren, Chiara Leonardi, Louise Marc, Izabela Pytko, Matthias Guckenberger and Panagiotis Balermpas
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:64
  30. There is a large lack of evidence for optimal treatment in oligometastatic head and neck cancer and it is especially unclear which patients benefit from radical local treatment of all tumour sites.

    Authors: Thomas Weissmann, Daniel Höfler, Markus Hecht, Sabine Semrau, Marlen Haderlein, Irina Filimonova, Benjamin Frey, Christoph Bert, Sebastian Lettmaier, Konstantinos Mantsopoulos, Heinrich Iro, Rainer Fietkau and Florian Putz
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:62
  31. Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) has been recognized as a first-line treatment option for small to moderate sized vestibular schwannoma (VS). Our aim is to evaluate the impact of SRS doses and other patient and...

    Authors: Ekin Ermiş, Lukas Anschuetz, Dominic Leiser, Robert Poel, Andreas Raabe, Peter Manser, Daniel M. Aebersold, Marco Caversaccio, Georgios Mantokoudis, Janine Abu-Isa, Franca Wagner and Evelyn Herrmann
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:61
  32. Primary cardiac tumors are an extremely rare disease with limited prognosis. The treatment of choice is surgery. Other treatment options include chemotherapy and radiation therapy, which historically represent...

    Authors: Stefanie Corradini, Rieke von Bestenbostel, Angela Romano, Adrian Curta, Dorit Di Gioia, Lorenzo Placidi, Maximilian Niyazi and Luca Boldrini
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:60
  33. This prospective phase I/II trial assessed feasibility and efficacy of dose-escalated definitive chemoradiation after induction chemotherapy in locally advanced esophageal cancer. Primary study endpoint was lo...

    Authors: C. Pöttgen, E. Gkika, M. Stahl, J. Abu Jawad, T. Gauler, S. Kasper, T. Trarbach, K. Herrmann, N. Lehmann, K.-H. Jöckel, H. Lax and M. Stuschke
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:59
  34. To analyze the pattern of failure in relation to pre-treatment [18F] FDG-PET/CT uptake in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients treated with definitive radio-chemotherapy (RT-CHT).

    Authors: C. Pisani, L. Vigna, F. Mastroleo, G. Loi, V. Amisano, L. Masini, L. Deantonio, P. Aluffi Valletti, G. Sacchetti and M. Krengli
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:57
  35. The current status of German residency training in the field of radiation oncology is provided and compared to programmes in other countries. In particular, we present the DEGRO-Academy within the internationa...

    Authors: Marcel Büttner, Nils Cordes, Tobias Gauer, Daniel Habermehl, Gunther Klautke, Oliver Micke, Matthias Mäurer, Jan Sokoll, Esther Gera Cornelia Troost, Hans Christiansen and Maximilian Niyazi
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:55
  36. Systematic pelvic lymphadenectomy or whole pelvic irradiation is recommended for the patients with stage IB1 cervical cancer. However, the precise pattern of lymphatic tumor spread in cervical cancer is unknow...

    Authors: Jing Cai, Xiaoqi He, Hongbo Wang, Weihong Dong, Yuan Zhang, Jing Zhao, Kay C. Willborn, Bangxing Huang, Zehua Wang and Ping Jiang
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:54
  37. Patients with lung cancer and interstitial lung disease treated with radiotherapy are at risk of developing radiation pneumonitis. However, the association between interstitial lung abnormalities (ILAs) and ra...

    Authors: Haruki Kobayashi, Kazushige Wakuda, Tateaki Naito, Nobuaki Mamesaya, Shota Omori, Akira Ono, Hirotsugu Kenmotsu, Haruyasu Murakami, Masahiro Endo, Hideyuki Harada, Yasuhiro Gon and Toshiaki Takahashi
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:52
  38. Several radiotherapeutic approaches for patients with oligotopic malignant liver lesions unfit for surgical resection exist. The most advanced competitive techniques are high-dose-rate (HDR) brachytherapy, Cyb...

    Authors: Peter Wust, Marcus Beck, Robert Dabrowski, Oliver Neumann, Sebastian Zschaeck, David Kaul, Dominik P. Modest, Carmen Stromberger, Bernhard Gebauer and Pirus Ghadjar
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:51
  39. Due to improved imaging sensitivity, the term “oligometastatic” prostate cancer disease is diagnosed more often, leading to an increasing interest in metastasis-directed therapy (MDT). There are two types of r...

    Authors: Paul Rogowski, Mack Roach III, Nina-Sophie Schmidt-Hegemann, Christian Trapp, Rieke von Bestenbostel, Run Shi, Alexander Buchner, Christian Stief, Claus Belka and Minglun Li
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:50
  40. The purpose of this study was to assess whether thoracic radiotherapy (TRT) combined with chemotherapy (CHT) showed promising anti-tumour activity in extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC), to explor...

    Authors: Jinmin Han, Chengrui Fu and Baosheng Li
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:47
  41. The value of O-(2-[18F]fluoroethyl)-L-tyrosine (FET)-positron emission tomography (PET)-radiomics in the outcome assessment of patients with recurrent glioblastoma (rGBM) has not been evaluated until now. The...

    Authors: Montserrat Carles, Ilinca Popp, Michael Maximilian Starke, Michael Mix, Horst Urbach, Tanja Schimek-Jasch, Franziska Eckert, Maximilian Niyazi, Dimos Baltas and Anca L. Grosu
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:46
  42. In breast cancer patients receiving radiotherapy (RT), accurate target delineation and reduction of radiation doses to the nearby normal organs is important. However, manual clinical target volume (CTV) and or...

    Authors: Seung Yeun Chung, Jee Suk Chang, Min Seo Choi, Yongjin Chang, Byong Su Choi, Jaehee Chun, Ki Chang Keum, Jin Sung Kim and Yong Bae Kim
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:44
  43. To evaluate the effect of prophylactic irradiation of internal mammary lymph nodes in breast cancer patients.

    Authors: Sicong Jia, Zhikun Liu, Jun Zhang, Chenguang Zhao, Longyu Zhu, Jie Kong, Huina Han, Yuguang Shang, Dongxing Shen and Xuejuan Duan
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:42
  44. The exact rate and relevant risk factors of radiation pneumonitis (RP) for non-small-cell cancer (NSCLC) patients treated with the combination of epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EG...

    Authors: Wenxiao Jia, Qianqian Gao, Min Wang, Ji Li, Wang Jing, Jinming Yu and Hui Zhu
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:41
  45. Frequency and risk profile of radiation necrosis (RN) in patients with glioma undergoing either upfront stereotactic brachytherapy (SBT) and additional salvage external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) after tumor rec...

    Authors: Indrawati Hadi, Daniel Reitz, Raphael Bodensohn, Olarn Roengvoraphoj, Stefanie Lietke, Maximilian Niyazi, Jörg-Christian Tonn, Claus Belka, Niklas Thon and Silke Birgit Nachbichler
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:40
  46. Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) is an established therapy for medically inoperable early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Many elderly patients are medically inoperable owing to comorbiditi...

    Authors: Kenta Watanabe, Kuniaki Katsui, Soichiro Sugiyama, Kotaro Yoshio, Masahiro Kuroda, Takao Hiraki, Katsuyuki Kiura, Yoshinobu Maeda, Shinichi Toyooka and Susumu Kanazawa
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:39
  47. Primary tracheal adenoid cystic carcinoma (TACC) is rare and originates from the minor salivary gland. Biologically, TACC results in delayed presentation, and the therapeutic effects of multimodal treatment di...

    Authors: Juntao Ran, Guofeng Qu, Xiaohua Chen and Da Zhao
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:38
  48. The benefit of MR-only workflow compared to current CT-based workflow for prostate radiotherapy is reduction of systematic errors in the radiotherapy chain by 2–3 mm. Nowadays, MRI is used for target delineati...

    Authors: Karin Goudschaal, F. Beeksma, M. Boon, M. Bijveld, J. Visser, K. Hinnen and Z. van Kesteren
    Citation: Radiation Oncology 2021 16:37

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