Table 1 Clinical characteristics of included patients

Survival.months, median (Q1, Q3)

10 (5, 17)

10 (5, 17)

15 (9, 23.5)

 < 0.001

Outcome, n (%)

 < 0.001

 Death

37,086 (90.4)

36,732 (90.4)

354 (97.5)

 Live

3924 (9.6)

3915 (9.6)

9 (2.5)

Outcome classification, n (%)

 < 0.001

 Death from glioma

30,713 (74.9)

30,399 (74.8)

314 (86.5)

 Death from others

6373 (15.5)

6333 (15.6)

40 (11)

 Live

3924 (9.6)

3915 (9.6)

9 (2.5)

Age, median (Q1, Q3)

61 (52, 70)

61 (52, 70)

55 (45, 63)

 < 0.001

Age category, n (%)

 < 0.001

 ~ 50

8589 (20.9)

8459 (20.8)

130 (35.8)

 51 ~ 60

10,756 (26.2)

10,651 (26.2)

105 (28.9)

 61 ~ 70

12,130 (29.6)

12,039 (29.6)

91 (25.1)

 71 ~ 

9535 (23.3)

9498 (23.4)

37 (10.2)

Sex, n (%)

0.289

 Female

16,677 (40.7)

16,519 (40.6)

158 (43.5)

 Male

24,333 (59.3)

24,128 (59.4)

205 (56.5)

Race, n (%)

0.96

 Black

2146 (5.2)

2126 (5.2)

20 (5.5)

 Others

1857 (4.5)

1840 (4.5)

17 (4.7)

 White

37,007 (90.2)

36,681 (90.2)

326 (89.8)

Marital, n (%)

0.365

 Divorced/separated

3458 (8.4)

3429 (8.4)

29 (8)

 Married

27,925 (68.1)

27,673 (68.1)

252 (69.4)

 Single/unmarried

5193 (12.7)

5141 (12.6)

52 (14.3)

 Widowed/others

4434 (10.8)

4404 (10.8)

30 (8.3)

Diagnosis, n (%)

 < 0.001

 1975 ~ 2000

11,964 (29.2)

11,710 (28.8)

254 (70)

 2001 ~ 2005

7598 (18.5)

7525 (18.5)

73 (20.1)

 2006 ~ 2010

8971 (21.9)

8945 (22)

26 (7.2)

 2011 ~ 2016

12,477 (30.4)

12,467 (30.7)

10 (2.8)

Histological type, n (%)

0.026

 GBM

39,669 (96.7)

39,320 (96.7)

349 (96.1)

 gcGBM

428 (1)

419 (1)

9 (2.5)

 Gliosarcoma

913 (2.2)

908 (2.2)

5 (1.4)

Surgery, n (%)

 < 0.001

 No

5154 (12.6)

5136 (12.6)

18 (5)

 Unknown

9197 (22.4)

8986 (22.1)

211 (58.1)

 Yes

26,659 (65)

26,525 (65.3)

134 (36.9)

Surgery method, n (%)

 < 0.001

 Biopsy/Local.excision

5953 (14.5)

5930 (14.6)

23 (6.3)

 Gross total resection

10,994 (26.8)

10,924 (26.9)

70 (19.3)

 No surgery

5154 (12.6)

5136 (12.6)

18 (5)

 Unknown

9460 (23.1)

9249 (22.8)

211 (58.1)

 Subtotal resection

9449 (23)

9408 (23.1)

41 (11.3)

Chemotherapy, n (%)

 < 0.001

 No

13,167 (32.1)

12,990 (32)

177 (48.8)

 Yes

27,843 (67.9)

27,657 (68)

186 (51.2)

Tumor size, n (%)

 < 0.001

 Size ≤ 4 cm

8461 (20.6)

8445 (20.8)

16 (4.4)

 Size > 4 cm

10,894 (26.6)

10,877 (26.8)

17 (4.7)

 Unknown

21,655 (52.8)

21,325 (52.5)

330 (90.9)

Tumor history, n (%)

0.001

 No

36,267 (88.4)

35,926 (88.4)

341 (93.9)

 Yes

4743 (11.6)

4721 (11.6)

22 (6.1)

Primary site, n (%)

0.992

 Frontal

10,792 (26.3)

10,695 (26.3)

97 (26.7)

 Occipital

1851 (4.5)

1836 (4.5)

15 (4.1)

 Others

10,906 (26.6)

10,808 (26.6)

98 (27)

 Parietal

7111 (17.3)

7047 (17.3)

64 (17.6)

 Temporal

10,350 (25.2)

10,261 (25.2)

89 (24.5)