Skip to main content

Table 2 Local failure pattern analysis after reirradiation with CIRT vs. VMAT in recurrent head and neck cancer

From: Ways to unravel the clinical potential of carbon ions for head and neck cancer reirradiation: dosimetric comparison and local failure pattern analysis as part of the prospective randomized CARE trial

Pat

ReRT

Failure type

rGTV (ccm)

rGTV Dmean

rGTV D95%

rGTVc Dmean

N failure

M failure

Possible cause of local failure

Salvage treatment

01

CIRT

E

15.9

30.4

5.7

19.4

No

No

Aberrant areas of recurrence

Best supportive care

02

CIRT

E

4.4

6.2

1.3

2.8

No

No

Aberrant areas of recurrence

Immunotherapy

03

CIRT

A

1.6

63.8

62.8

63.6

No

No

Biological/dosimetric failure

Salvage surgery

04

VMAT

B and E

4.6

59.1/35.3

53.3/10.7

60.4/36.2

No

No

Overgrown recurrence + aberrant areas of recurrence

Immunotherapy

08

CIRT

E

5.4

42.1

6.9

57.9

Yes

Yes

Improper risk assessment

Salvage surgery

09

VMAT

E

6.6

16.5

6.2

13.4

No

No

Aberrant areas of recurrence

Chemotherapy

10

VMAT

B

2.2

37.4

15.0

38.9

Yes

No

Dosimetric failure

Chemotherapy

14

CIRT

A and B

14.8

63.8/59.5

62.8/45.9

63.5/63.0

No

No

Biological/dosimetric failure + overgrown recurrence

Immunotherapy

15

CIRT

B and E

17.5

59.8/0

36.3/0

63.1/0

No

No

Overgrown recurrence + aberrant areas of recurrence

Immunotherapy

  1. CIRT Carbon ion radiotherapy, VMAT volumetric modulated arc therapy, RT Radiotherapy, rGTV Recurrence gross tumor volume, Dmean Mean dose; D95% Dose reached in 95% of the rGTV, rGTVc rGTV centroid, N nodal, M metastatic