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Table 3 Risk factors for biochemical recurrence using the Phoenix definition and salvage hormonal therapy in patients treated with SEED-BT

From: Direct comparison of low-dose-rate brachytherapy versus radical prostatectomy using the surgical definition of biochemical recurrence for patients with intermediate-risk prostate cancer

Variables

Univariate

HR

95% CI

P

Risk factors for biochemical recurrence

Age, years

1.011

0.957–1.068

0.688

PSA at diagnosis, ng/mL

1.088

0.985–1.201

0.094

Clinical stage, T2a–c versus 1c

0.704

0.325–1.526

0.375

Gleason grade groups at biopsy

0.823

0.472–1.436

0.494

Positive biopsy core rate, ≥ 34% versus < 34%

0.774

0.344–1.740

0.536

Unfavorable versus favorable

1.413

0.641–3.117

0.391

BED < 200 Gy2 versus ≥ 200 Gy2

0.636

0.294–1.378

0.252

EBRT yes versus no

1.170

0.491–2.791

0.722

Risk factors for salvage hormonal therapy

Age, years

1.032

0.959–1.110

0.394

PSA at diagnosis, ng/mL

0.928

0.799–1.079

0.334

Clinical stage, T2a–c versus 1c

1.437

0.521–3.962

0.482

Gleason grade groups at biopsy

0.931

0.457–1.896

0.846

Positive biopsy core rate, ≥ 34% versus < 34%

1.147

0.427–3.081

0.785

Unfavorable versus favorable

1.392

0.505–3.833

0.522

BED < 200 Gy2 versus ≥ 200 Gy2

0.964

0.358–2.590

0.942

EBRT yes versus no

1.427

0.495–4.108

0.510

  1. The cut-off value for defining biochemical recurrence was nadir + 2 ng/mL (Phoenix definition)
  2. Unfavorable and favorable indicate unfavorable intermediate risk and favorable intermediate risk, respectively (National Comprehensive Cancer Network 2019 guidelines, version 4)
  3. BED, biochemical effective dose; EBRT, external-beam radiotherapy; PSA, prostate-specific antigen; SEED-BT, seed brachytherapy; RP, radical prostatectomy