A pilot study of machine-learning based automated planning for primary brain tumours

Radiation Oncology

Table 3 Summary of dose differences to OARs between ML and manual plans

Organs at risk	n	Criterion	Mean values (cGy)		Dose differences*, ML – manual (cGy)
Organs at risk	n	Criterion	ML	Manual	Mean	p value	Median	Maximum	Minimum
Brainstem	15	Dmax < 5400 cGy	3820	3857	− 37	0.6984	8	601	− 1140
Chiasm	15	Dmax < 5400 cGy	3075	3267	− 192	0.3458	49	747	− 2051
External	15	Dmax < 5670 cGy	5599	5572	27	0.4019	45	220	− 238
Eye_L	15	Dmax < 4500 cGy	1417	1430	− 13	0.8923	26	549	− 614
Eye_R	15	Dmax < 4500 cGy	1211	1182	29	0.8388	56	988	− 927
Lens_L	15	Dmax < 750 cGy	586	369	217	0.0188	109	766	− 139
Lens_R	15	Dmax < 750 cGy	532	356	176	0.0204	177	814	− 218
OpticNrv_L	15	Dmax < 5400 cGy	2772	2701	71	0.5836	11	1130	− 890
OpticNrv_R	15	Dmax < 5400 cGy	2358	2342	16	0.8765	20	702	− 771
SpinalCord	15	Dmax < 5400 cGy	1271	1411	− 140	0.2440	− 9	104	− 1723
Brain	15	Dmean	1476	1603	− 127	0.0172	− 62	96	− 615
Brain_Temporal_L	15	Dmean	1758	1984	− 226	0.0056	− 155	69	− 854
Brain_Temporal_R	15	Dmean	1324	1389	− 65	0.3871	− 3	426	− 662
Cochlea_L	15	Dmean	1844	1555	289	0.2919	20	2850	− 2102
Cochlea_R	15	Dmean	1579	1417	162	0.0276	31	703	− 77
Hippocampus_L	14	Dmean	2005	2225	− 219	0.1441	− 90.5	642	− 1302
Hippocampus_R	14	Dmean	1760	1729	31	0.8081	11.5	781	− 749
Hypothalamus	15	Dmean	2214	2380	− 166	0.3638	− 121	804	− 1753
Parotid_L	15	Dmean	145	273	− 128	0.1303	− 11	33	− 1177
Parotid_R	15	Dmean	145	318	− 173	0.1051	− 14	18	− 1499
Pituitary	15	Dmean	2392	2311	81	0.5159	40	846	− 1231

Bolded text represents p value < 0.05
*Dose difference of an ROI is the dose in the ML plan minus dose in manual plan. Negative values indicate lower doses in the ML plan (better OAR sparing with ML plan)

ISSN: 1748-717X