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Table 1 Parameters to calculate normal tissue complication probabilities (NTCP) for conventionally fractionated regimens

From: Radiotherapeutic treatment options for oligotopic malignant liver lesions

Organ Tissue

TD5/5(1) [Gy]

TD5/5(1/3) [Gy]

TD50/5(1) [Gy]

TD50/5(1/3) [Gy]

σ [Gy] (1)

σ [Gy] (1/3)

n (volume)

m (slope)

α/β [Gy]

Clinical endpoint

Liver

25

50

40

80

10

20

0.6

0.25

1.5

Radiation-induced liver disease (RILD)

Lung

18

45

25

74

12

15

0.9

0.2

2.5

Pulmonary dysfunction

Kidney

23

50

28

65

3

6.5

0.7

0.1

0.5–4

Nephropathy/renal failure

Small bowel

40

50

55

70

10

14

0.1–0.2

0.2

3–5

Obstruction/perforation

Stomach

45

54

60

76

10

11

0.1–0.2

0.15

5

Bleeding/ulcer

Brain

45

60

60

86

12

17

0.2–0.3

0.2

2

Necrosis/cognitive dysfunction

Heart

15

18

29

35

12

14

0.16

0.4

3

Cardiac mortality

Skin

55

65

65

79

6.5

8

0.06–0.16

0.1

1–4

Fibrosis/ulcer/Teleangiectasia

Spinal cord

47

50

70

74

14

15

0.05

0.2

2.5–5

Myelopathy

Nerves Plexus

60

62

100

104

30

31

0.03

0.3

1.5–3.5

Neuropathy/plexopathy

  1. TD5/5: mean dose leading to a complication in 5% within 5 years after irradiation of the entire organ (1) or one third (1/3); TD50/5: mean dose leading to a complication in 50% within 5 years after irradiation of the entire organ (1) or one third (1/3); σ = m × TD50/5