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Table 4 Univariate and multivariate analysis (Cox proportional-hazard)

From: Unplanned hospitalizations in patients with locoregionally advanced head and neck cancer treated with (chemo)radiotherapy with and without prophylactic percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy

Variable TRUH1 TRUH2 OS
HR (95% CI) P value HR (95% CI) P value HR (95% CI) P value
Univariate
 Age, years
  ≤ 60 0.76 (0.48–1.18) .21 0.74 (0.35–1.56) .42 0.63 (0.42–0.96) .0288
  > 60–≤ 70 1.00 (0.64–1.58) .99 1.07 (0.51–2.67) .86 0.92 (0.60–1.40) .6884
  > 70–≤ 80 1.43 (0.82–2.50) .20 1.59 (0.65–3.91) .30 1.40 (0.84–2.34) .1937
  > 80 1.52 (0.61–3.75) .35 0.80 (0.11–5.85) .82 4.25 (2.26–7.99) .0001
 ECOG PS at first consultation, (vs other PS)
  0 0.95 (0.60–1.51) .83 0.89 (0.41–1.91) .76 0.64 (0.41–1.00) .0475
  1 (vs others) 0.73 (0.47–1.14) .16 0.59 (0.28–1.26) .17 1.05 (0.71–1.58) .7939
  2/3 (vs others) 1.99 (1.15–3.45) .01 2.77 (1.23–6.27) .01 2.01 (1.21–3.37) .0061
 Alcohol abuse
  Active 1.16 (0.71–1.88) .55 0.81 (0.36–1.83) .60 1.23 (0.78–1.94) .3783
  Active or in past 1.59 (0.92–2.75) .09 1.17 (0.48–2.85) .72 1.33 (0.82–2.16) .2475
  > 2 units a day (= median) 1.44 (0.81–2.57) .21 0.84 (0.30–2.35) .73 1.06 (0.63–1.79) .8203
 Smoking habits
  Current smoker 1.13 (0.70–1.82) .61 0.94 (0.41–2.13) .87 1.06 (0.68–1.66) .7832
  Current or ex-smoker 1.68 (0.74–3.92) .20 3.39 (0.46–25.1) .20 1.14 (0.59–2.21) .7022
  > 40 pack-years (= median) 1.94 (1.17–3.20) .01 1.98 (0.81–4.85) .12 1.01 (0.63–1.63) .9615
 Tumor localization, yes (vs no)
  Oral cavity 1.06 (0.62–1.81) .83 0.81 (0.31–2.12) .67 0.80 (0.48–1.36) .409
  Oropharynx 0.75 (0.48–1.17) .19 0.75 (0.36–1.56) .43 0.63 (0.42–0.95) .026
  Hypopharynx 1.43 (0.81–2.50) .20 2.00 (0.86–4.69) .10 1.81 (1.11–2.93) .0149
  Larynx 1.21 (0.66–2.23) .53 0.79 (0.24–2.60) .69 1.39 (0.81–2.38) .2251
  Mixed 0.80 (0.25–2.52) .69 1.60 (0.38–6.73) .56 1.81 (0.74–4.48) .1878
 Surgery, yes (vs no)
  Primary oncologic surgery 0.72 (0.42–1.24) .22 0.47 (0.16–1.34) .15 0.79 (0.49–1.29) .3395
  Neck dissection 0.69 (0.44–1.07) .09 0.47 (0.23–0.96) .03 0.66 (0.44–0.99) .0438
  Bilateral ND 1.69 (1.08–2.64) .00 1.75 (0.84–3.67) .13 0.92 (0.58–1.45) .7161
  Tracheostomy 1.78 (1.15–2.77) .01 2.58 (1.24–5.35) .01 1.49 (0.98–2.25) .0594
  pPEG 1.46 (0.93–2.30) .09 2.56 (1.09–5.99) .02 1.24 (0.82–1.86) .3003
  rPEG 2.54 (1.48–4.33) .00 1.75 (0.67–4.58) .25 2.07 (1.25–3.43) .0038
 Chemotherapy, yes (vs no)
  Neoadjuvant 1.53 (0.83–2.83) .57 2.82 (1.20–6.60) .01 1.26 (0.69–2.31) .4535
  Concomitant 1.22 (0.61–2.43) .16 2.08 (0.50–8.76) .30 0.59 (0.35–1.02) .054
 Baseline BMI, kg/m2
  ≤ 18.5 1.11 (0.27–4.54) .89 1.46 (0.20–10.8) .71 3.42 (1.23–9.50) .0115
  > 18.5–< 25 0.70 (0.41–1.22) .20 0.73 (0.30–1.73) .46 0.94 (0.56–1.58) .8135
  ≥ 25 1.39 (0.81–2.38) .22 1.29 (0.55–3.02) .55 0.88 (0.53–1.47) .6231
Multivariate
 Model 1 for TRUH1
  ECOG 2/3 1.73 (0.93–3.23) .10 – – – –
  > 40 pack-years 1.94 (1.17–3.20) .01 – – – –
  Bilateral ND 1.69 (1.02–2.78) .04 – – – –
Model 2 for TRUH2
  ECOG 2/3 – – 2.77 (1.23–6.27) .03 – –
  pPEG – – 2.06 (0.87–4.91) .09 – –
  Neoadjuvant CX – – 3.27 (1.38–7.74) .02 – –
 Model 3 for OS
  Age > 80 years – – – – 4.25 (2.26–7.99) .00
  ECOG 2/3 – – – – 1.64 (0.94–2.85) .10
  rPEG – – – – 1.95 (1.18–3.25) .02
  1. P values in bold are significant at P < 0.05
  2. BMI body mass index, CI confidence interval, ECOG PS Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status, HR hazard ratio, OS overall survival, TRUH treatment-related unplanned hospitalization, TRUH1 first TRUH event, TRUH2 second TRUH event, pPEG prophylactic percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy, rPEG Reactive percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy, ND neck dissection, CX chemotherapy
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Radiation Oncology

ISSN: 1748-717X

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