Table 1 Results: the descriptive statistics refer to the mean bladder wall thickness normalized to the baseline value and is expressed in arbitrary units

Control (n = 6 rats)

Mean ± SD

0.94 ± 0.13

0.94 ± 0.10

Median (Min–Max)

0.9 (0.78–1.11)

0.93 (0.81–1.10)

25–30 Gy (n = 9 rats)

Mean ± SD

1.32 ± 0.41

1.30 ± 0.21

Median (Min–Max)

1.22 (0.82–2.27)

1.29 (1.00–1.73)

Events above effect size

2/9 (22%)

4/9 (44%)

p value (vs. control group)

 < 0.0001

35–40 Gy (n = 9 rats)

Mean ± SD

1.47 ± 0.29

1.90 ± 0.83

Median (Min–Max)

1.45 (1.15–1.94)

1.69 (1.02–3.60)

Events above effect size

5/9 (56%)

8/9 (89%)

p value (vs. control group)

 < 0.0001

p value (vs. 25–30 Gy group)

0.022