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Table 2 Univariable and multivariable Cox analysis of PDAC patients who received definitive surgery of the pancreatic tumor

From: The impact of immunotherapy on the survival of pancreatic adenocarcinoma patients who received definitive surgery of the pancreatic tumor: a retrospective analysis of the National Cancer Database

Variable

Univariable analysis

Multivariable analysis

Hazard Ratio (95% CI)

P

Hazard Ratio (95% CI)

P

Age at diagnosis (continuous)

1.014 (1.013–1.015)

< 0.0001

1.012 (1.011–1.013)

< 0.0001

Sex

Male

Reference

 

Reference

 

Female

0.937 (0.919–0.955)

< 0.0001

0.925 (0.907–0.943)

< 0.0001

Race

White

Reference

 

Reference

 

Black

1.020 (0.988–1.054)

< 0.226

1.029 (0.994–1.064)

< 0.102

non-white non-black

0.819 (0.774–0.867)

< 0.0001

0.856 (0.807–0.908)

< 0.0001

Education

> = 13% HG

1.119 (1.097–1.141)

< 0.0001

1.071 (1.045–1.096)

< 0.0001

< 13% HG

Reference

 

Reference

 

Income

> = $35,000

Reference

 

Reference

 

<$35,000

1.145 (1.123–1.167)

< 0.0001

1.091 (1.065–1.117)

< 0.0001

Place of Living

Urban

Reference

 

Reference

 

Rural

1.140 (1.064–1.222)

< 0.0002

NS

0.150

Hospital Type

Academic

Reference

 

Reference

 

Community

1.199 (1.176–1.222)

< 0.0001

1.198 (1.174–1.222)

< 0.0001

Insurance Status

Insured

Reference

 

Reference

 

Not insured

0.964 (0.903–1.028)

0.196

1.081 (1.011–1.156)

< 0.024

Charlson/Deyo Score

0

Reference

 

Reference

 

1

1.099 (1.075–1.124)

< 0.0001

1.061 (1.038–1.086)

< 0.0001

> = 2

1.302 (1.258–1.348)

< 0.0001

1.232 (1.189–1.276)

< 0.0001

Year of Diagnosis

2004–2010

1.156 (1.134–1.179)

0.0001

1.155 (1.132–1.179)

0.0001

2011–2016

Reference

 

Reference

 

Chemotherapy

Yes

Reference

 

Reference

 

No

1.217 (1.192–1.242)

< 0.0001

1.137 (1.109–1.165)

< 0.0001

Radiation Therapy

Yes

Reference

 

Reference

 

No

1.117 (1.095–1.139)

< 0.0001

1.032 (1.008–1.057)

< 0.008

Immunotherapy

Yes

0.773 (0.702–0.850)

 

0.900 (0.814–0.995)

 

No

reference

< 0.0001

reference

< 0.039