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Table 2 Dose constraints and recommendations for intracranial organs at risk when conventional fractionation is used

From: Dose distribution of intensity-modulated proton therapy with and without a multi-leaf collimator for the treatment of maxillary sinus cancer: a comparative effectiveness study

OAR and PRV

Constraints

Optic chiasm

Dmax < 54 Gy

Optic nerve

Dmax < 54 Gy

Pituitary gland

Dmax < 50 Gy

Brainstem

Dmax < 54 Gy

Retina

Dmax < 45 Gy

Eyeball

Dmax < 45 Gy

Lens

Dmax < 6 Gy

Lacrimal gland

V30 Gy < 50%

Cochlea

Dmean 45 Gy

  1. OAR organ at risk, PRV planning organ at risk volume