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Table 1 Baseline characteristics of 120 patients with locally advanced tumors who received fossa-only (n = 77) or elective pelvic nodal irradiation (WPRT; n = 43)

From: Postoperative elective pelvic nodal irradiation compared to prostate bed irradiation in locally advanced prostate cancer – a retrospective analysis of dose-escalated patients

Baseline Characteristics

Fossa-only (n = 77)

WPRT (n = 43)

Difference

Age at radiation therapy in years

 Mean

66.9

66.9

p = 0.98

 Standard deviation

7.5

6.5

 

Initial PSA value in ng/ml

 Mean

18.1

18.6

p = 0.927

 Standard deviation

26.8

18.0

 

Gleason score (surgical specimens, No., percentage)

 Gleason 6

2 (2.6%)

0

 

 Gleason 7a

15 (19.5%)

9 (20.9%)

 

 Gleason 7b

30 (39.0%)

10 (23.3%)

p = 0.087§

 Gleason 8

7 (9.1%)

4 (9.3%)

 

 Gleason 9

22 (28.6%)

19 (44.2%)

 

 Gleason 10

1 (1.3%)

1 (2.3%)

 

Surgical margin (No., percentage)

 R0

29 (37.7%)

16 (37.2%)

p = 1.0

 R1

48 (62.3%)

27 (62.8%)

 

 R2

 

Dose level (Gy, prescribed dose, EQD-2 to PTV-2)

 Lower-dose (71.43 Gy)

29 (37.7%)

13 (30.2%)

p = 0.433

 High-dose (79.29 Gy)

48 (62.3%)

30 (69.8%)

 

Time from surgery to radiation therapy (S-RT-Interval in months)

 Mean

13.3

6.1

p = 0.003#

 Median

5.1

3.6

 

 Standard deviation

18.7

6.2

 

Salvage or postoperative (adjuvant or R1) treatment indication (No., percentage)

 Salvage

41 (53.2%)

17 (39.5%)

p = 0.184

 Postoperative

36 (46.8%)

26 (60.5%)

 

Roach scores

 Mean

28.9

32.8

p = 0.27

 Standard deviation

20.8

15.0

 

Concurrent androgen deprivation therapy (ADT)

 Yes

7 (9.1%)

6 (14%)

p = 0.541

 No

70 (90.9%)

37 (86%)

 

Pathologically identified number of lymph nodes (all N0)

 Mean

11.0

5.9

p < 0.001

 Standard deviation

6.5

3.9

 

  ≥ 10 nodes identified

42 (54.5%)

2 (4.7%)

 

  < 10 nodes identified

35 (45.5%)

41 (95.3%)

 

Post-surgery PSA at start of radiotherapy (if available) in ng/ml

 Mean

0.73

0.71

p = 0.958

 Standard deviation

1.62

1.66

 

Laparoscopic or retropubic surgery

 Laparoscopic

31 (40.3%)

23 (53.5%)

p = 0.184

 Retropubic

46 (59.7%)

20 (46.5%)

 
  1. §Fisher’s exact test, 2-sided for Gleason scores dichotomized at 7 (6–7 vs. 8–10); one-sided testing results in p = 0.056 for an increased Gleason score in the WPRT group
  2. #The baseline imbalance was significant using the independent samples T-test; imbalance was mainly due to outliers (non-parametric testing did not show a significant difference: p = 0.07 for Mann-Whitney U-Test
  3. WPRT was not routinely recommended in patients with ≥10 lymph nodes resected and only performed in two cases after careful discussion with patients. If no lymph node dissection was performed, the number was scored as zero