Table 2 Univariate analysis of factors affecting survival and further brain control after recurrence in the brain after therapeutic or prophylactic irradiation
Characteristics | Survival after Brain Failure | Brain Control after Brain Failure | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Hazard Ratio (95% CI) | P Value | Hazard Ratio (95% CI) | P Value | |
Age at brain recurrence, years | ||||
< 63 | 1.00 | 0.757 | 1.00 | 0.633 |
≥63 | 0.931 (0.590–1.468) | 0.881 (0.526–1.478) | ||
ECOG performance status score at brain recurrence | ||||
0–2 | 1.00 | < 0.001 | 1.00 | 0.007 |
≥3 | 4.66 (2.310–9.403) | 2.776 (1.318–5.849) | ||
Sex | ||||
Male | 1.00 | 0.951 | 1.00 | 0.361 |
Female | 0.985 (0.615–1.580) | 1.285 (0.751–2.199) | ||
Ethnicity | ||||
White | 1.00 | 0.373 | 1.00 | 0.801 |
Non-white | 0.762 (0.418–1.386) | 0.921 (0.485–1.748) | ||
Initial disease stage | ||||
Limited | 1.00 | 0.955 | 1.00 | 0.129 |
Extensive | 1.015 (0.605–1.703) | 1.601 (0.872–2.940) | ||
Brain metastases at initial diagnosis | ||||
No | 1.00 | 0.656 | 1.00 | 0.519 |
Yes | 1.112 (0.698–1.771) | 1.19 (0.701–2.020) | ||
No. of brain lesions at initial diagnosis | ||||
≤4 | 1.00 | 0.906 | 1.00 | 0.624 |
> 4 | 0.963 (0.518–1.793) | 1.179 (0.610–2.278) | ||
Intent of first brain irradiation | ||||
Prophylactic | 1.00 | 0.910 | 1.00 | 0.853 |
Therapeutic | 0.973 (0.606–1.564) | 1.051 (0.621–1.778) | ||
≥4 chemo cycles before brain recurrence | ||||
No | 1.00 | 0.003 | 1.00 | 0.882 |
Yes | 0.236 (0.091–0.614) | 0.897 (0.215–3.752) | ||
Thoracic radiation therapy dose, Gy | ||||
< 45 | 1.00 | 0.487 | 1.00 | 0.774 |
≥45 | 0.844 (0.524–1.361) | 0.923 (0.532–1.600) | ||
No. of brain lesions at brain recurrence | ||||
≤4 | 1.00 | 0.060 | 1.00 | 0.033 |
> 4 | 1.552 (0.981–2.454) | 1.792 (1.049–3.063) | ||
Symptoms from brain metastases at brain recurrence | ||||
No | 1.00 | 0.003 | 1.00 | 0.043 |
Yes | 2.041 (1.265–3.294) | 1.718 (1.018–2.902) | ||
Extracranial disease at brain recurrence | ||||
Controlled | 1.00 | < 0.001 | 1.00 | 0.012 |
Uncontrolled | 2.683 (1.603–4.490) | 2.084 (1.177–3.689) | ||
Chemotherapy after brain recurrence | ||||
No | 1.00 | < 0.001 | 1.00 | 0.085 |
Yes | 0.406 (0.248–0.663) | 0.62 (0.360–1.069) | ||
WBI or G-knife for brain recurrence | ||||
No | 1.00 | 0.018 | 1.00 | 0.009 |
Yes | 0.576 (0.365–0.908) | 0.494 (0.290–0.842) | ||
Time from the end of first brain irradiation to brain recurrence, mo | ||||
< 6 | 1.00 | 0.034 | 1.00 | 0.332 |
≥6 | 0.608 (0.384–0.963) | 0.77 (0.460–1.291) | ||