Table 2 Cox Proportional Hazards Regression Model for Overall Survival and Lung Cancer-Specific Survival in Patients based on Number Categories
No. of positive lymph nodes ≤3 | No. of positive lymph nodes >3 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Overall Survival | Lung Cancer-Specific Survival | Overall Survival | Lung Cancer-Specific Survival | |||||
Variable | Hazard Ratio (95% CI) | p | Hazard Ratio (95% CI) | p | Hazard Ratio (95% CI) | p | Hazard Ratio (95% CI) | p |
Age, years | ||||||||
< 65 | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | ||||
≥ 65 | 1.449(1.279 to 1.643) | <0.001 | 1.469(1.281 to 1.684) | <0.001 | 1.345(1.152 to 1.572) | <0.001 | 1.381(1.168 to 1.632) | <0.001 |
Race | 0.234 | 0.396 | 0.054 | 0.068 | ||||
White | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | ||||
Black | 1.030(0.849 to 1.249) | 0.768 | 1.012(0.817 to 1.255) | 0.91 | 0.739(0.547 to 0.998) | 0.048 | 0.757(0.557 to 1.031) | 0.077 |
Other | 0.832(0.668 to 1.037) | 0.102 | 0.849(0.667 to 1.08)) | 0.182 | 0.802(0.606 to 1.061) | 0.122 | 0.776(0.572 to 1.052) | 0.103 |
Sex | ||||||||
Female | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | ||||
Male | 1.349(1.191 to 1.528) | <0.001 | 1.366(1.192 to 1.567) | <0.001 | 1.308(1.122 to 1.525) | 0.001 | 1.279(1.085 to 1.507) | 0.003 |
Primary Site | 0.705 | 0.963 | 0.993 | 0.976 | ||||
Main bronchus | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | ||||
Upper lobe | 1.189(0.634 to 2.230) | 0.59 | 0.986(0.493 to 1.969) | 0.967 | 1.074(0.624 to 1.85) | 0.796 | 1.18(0.656 to 2.121) | 0.581 |
Middle lobe | 1.384(0.699 to 2.739) | 0.351 | 1.065(0.502 to 2.26) | 0.87 | 0.988(0.491 to 1.988) | 0.973 | 1.096(0.523 to 2.3) | 0.808 |
Lower lobe | 1.269(0.673 to 2.394) | 0.462 | 1.035(0.514 to 2.084) | 0.923 | 1.088(0.626 to 1.892) | 0.765 | 1.195(0.658 to 2.172) | 0.558 |
Overlapping/ lung, NOS | 1.241(0.616 to 2.500) | 0.545 | 1.021(0.474 to 2.198) | 0.957 | 1.055(0.535 to 2.083) | 0.876 | 1.124(0.548 to 2.306) | 0.749 |
Histology | 0.11 | 0.043 | 0.152 | 0.13 | ||||
Non-small cell carcinoma | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | ||||
Adenocarcinoma, NOS | 0.888(0.701 to 1.125) | 0.325 | 0.861(0.665 to 1.115) | 0.257 | 1.129(0.836 to 1.525) | 0.428 | 1.222(0.876 to 1.705) | 0.237 |
Squamous cell carcinoma, NOS | 1.121(0.874 to 1.437) | 0.368 | 1.047(0.797 to 1.375) | 0.741 | 1.248(0.905 to 1.722) | 0.177 | 1.456(1.018 to 2.081) | 0.039 |
Large cell carcinoma, NOS | 1.12(0.765 to 1.64) | 0.561 | 1.16(0.779 to 1.729) | 0.465 | 1.778(0.867 to 3.122) | 0.045 | 1.536(0.795 to 2.966) | 0.201 |
Laterality | ||||||||
Left | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | ||||
Right | 0.985(0.871 to 1.114) | 0.809 | 1.008(0.88 to 1.154) | 0.911 | 1.012(0.867 to 1.18) | 0.882 | 1.05(0.889 to 1.239) | 0.568 |
Tumor Size | 0.66 | 0.724 | 0.463 | 0.5 | ||||
≤ 3.0 | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | ||||
3.1-5.0 | 1.008(0.838 to 1.213) | 0.93 | 1.045(0.854 to 1.385) | 0.671 | 1.068(0.849 to 1.343) | 0.575 | 1.061(0.827 to 1.36) | 0.641 |
5.1-7.0 | 1.03(0.825 to 1.286) | 0.793 | 1.088(0.854 to 1.385) | 0.495 | 1.146(0.879 to 1.496) | 0.314 | 1.13(0.85 to 1.503) | 0.4 |
≥ 7.1 | 0.879(0.661 to 1.168) | 0.374 | 0.936(0.684 to 1.28) | 0.678 | 1.216(0.888 to 1.665) | 0.222 | 1.256(0.892 to 1.767) | 0.192 |
Unknown | 1.297(0.766 to 2.196) | 0.332 | 1.344(0.765 to 2.362) | 0.304 | 0.66(0.302 to 1.44) | 0.296 | 0.692(0.316 to 1.515) | 0.357 |
T stage | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.003 | 0.005 | ||||
T1 | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | ||||
T2 | 1.296(1.072 to 1.566) | 0.007 | 1.279(1.037 to 1.578) | 0.022 | 1.207(0.933 to 1.562) | 0.151 | 1.223(0.925 to 1.616) | 0.157 |
T3 | 1.722(1.324 to 2.239) | <0.001 | 1.79(1.348 to 2.375) | <0.001 | 1.769(1.291 to 2.423) | <0.001 | 1.793(1.279 to 2.514) | 0.001 |
Tx | 1.028(0.404 to 2.614) | 0.954 | 1.11(0.43 to 2.87) | 0.829 | 1.172(0.312 to 4.412) | 0.814 | 1.242(0.329 to 4.697) | 0.749 |
No. of positive lymph codea | 0.389 | 0.17 | 0.074 | 0.075 | ||||
1/4 | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | ||||
2/5 | 1.038(0.902 to 1.194) | 0.601 | 1.032(0.884 to 1.205) | 0.689 | 1.288(1.035 to 1.604) | 0.024 | 1.316(1.039 to 1.668) | 0.023 |
3/6 | 1.113(0.955 to 1.297) | 0.169 | 1.172(0.991 to 1.387) | 0.064 | 1.197(0.937 to 1.528) | 0.15 | 1.24(0.952 to 1.616) | 0.111 |
≥ 7 | 1.255(1.036 to 1.52) | 0.02 | 1.275(1.036 to 1.569) | 0.022 | ||||
Surgery type | ||||||||
Lobectomy | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | ||||
Pneumonectomy | 1.101(0.884 to 1.372) | 0.391 | 1.056(0.822 to 1.358) | 0.669 | 0.986(0.791 to 1.23) | 0.903 | 1.025(0.812 to 1.293) | 0.836 |
Port | ||||||||
No | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | ||||
Yes | 0.887(0.778 to 1.011) | 0.072 | 0.894(0.774 to 1.033) | 0.129 | 0.803(0.687 to 0.938) | 0.006 | 0.794(0.671 to 0.94) | 0.007 |