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Table 2 Univariate and multivariate analyses on prognostic factors of cause-specific survival in all patients (n = 292)

From: Preoperative radiotherapy improves survival in rectal signet-ring cell carcinoma-a population-based study

Characteristic

Univariate analysis

Multivariate analysis

 

HR (95% CI)

p

HR (95% CI)

p

Sex

 Male

1

 

 

 Female

1.299 (0.940–1.794)

0.113

Age

1.012 (1.002–1.022)

0.019

1.017 (1.005–1.030)

0.007

Race

 White

1

 

1

 

 Black

1.698 (1.004–2.871)

0.048

1.802 (0.974–3.334)

0.061

 Other and unknown

1.247 (0.809–1.924)

0.317

1.524 (0.930–2.495)

0.094

Tumor grade

 G1–2

1

 

 

 G3–4

0.850 (0.470–1.537)

0.590

Tumor size (mm)

1.016 (1.009–1.023)

< 0.001

1.017 (1.009–1.025)

< 0.001

Number of RLNs

0.997 (0.984–1.010)

0.651

Number of PLNs

1.047 (1.026–1.068)

< 0.001

1.021 (0.995–1.048)

0.120

Tumor stage

 II

1

 

1

 

 III

1.922 (1.189–3.108)

0.008

2.289 (1.170–4.478)

0.016

Treatment

 Surgery alone

1

 

1

 

 Preoperative RT

0.627 (0.403–0.978)

0.039

0.656 (0.391–1.100)

0.110

 Postoperative RT

0.812 (0.520–1.268)

0.359

0.788 (0.470–1.323)

0.368

  1. CI confidence interval, G1 well differentiated, G2 moderately differentiated, G3 poorly differentiated, G4 undifferentiated, HR hazard ratio, PLNs positive lymph nodes, RLNs removes lymph nodes, RT radiotherapy