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Table 4 IORT studies for prostate cancer

From: Intraoperative radiotherapy in gynaecological and genito-urinary malignancies: focus on endometrial, cervical, renal, bladder and prostate cancers

Reference

N. pts

Patients’ selection

Surgical approach

IORT dose (Gy)

Technique

Adjuvant EBRT

BRFS

Overall survival

Toxicity

Krengli (ISIORT) [2]

108

Intermediate-high riska

NA

8-15 Gy with EBRT 18–21 Gy single shoot

IORT or 50-KV

NA

NA

NA

NA

Krengli [53]

38

Intermediate-high riska

Retropubic approach IORT + Prostatectomy

10-12 Gy

IORT

46-50 Gy, 2 Gy/fx

82%

2-years 100%

Lymphocele 16% hematoma 6%

Rocco [54]

33

Intermediate-high riska

Retropubic approach IORT + Prostatectomy

12 Gy

IORT

45 Gy, 1.8 Gy/fx

97%

2-years 100%

GU: 17% ≥ G2

GI: 10% ≥ G2

Saracino [55]

34

Intermediate riska

Retropubic approach Prostatectomy + IORT

16-22 Gy

IORT

No

77%

NA

No GU/GI toxicities ≥ G1

Orecchia [56]

11

High-riska

Retropubic approach IORT + Prostatectomy

12 Gy

IORT

45 Gy, 1.8 Gy/fx

NA

NA

No GU/GI toxicities ≥ G1

Kato [57]

54

Stage B2-D1b

Perineal/retropubic No prostatectomy

25-30 Gy

IORT

30 Gy, 2 Gy/fx

74%

NA

Early GI G3: 7%

Higashi [58]

35

Stage B-C b

Perineal/retropubic No prostatectomy

25-30 Gy

IORT

30 Gy, 2 Gy/fx

NA

5-years 87% (stage C) 5-years 92% (stage B)

NA

Abe [59]

21

Stage B2-days b

Perineal

28-35 Gy or 20–25 Gy (if combined with EBRT)

IORT

50 Gy

NA

5-years 72%

GU: 100% early ematuria 10% early pollakiuria

Kojima [60]

30

Stage B-C b

Perineal/retropubic No prostatectomy

--

IORT

NA

NA

5-years 43%

NA

Takahashi [61]

14

Stage B2-days b

Perineal No prostatectomy

28-35 Gy or 20–25 Gy (if combined with EBRT)

IORT

50 Gy

NA

NA

0%

  1. pts patients, GU genito-urinary, GI gastro-intestinal, BRFS biochemical relapse-free survival, NA not available
  2. aNational Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines NCCN [6]
  3. bWhitemore-Jewett staging system [Whitmore 1956, Jewett 1975]