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Table 2 Univariate and multivariate analyses of clinicopathological factors for failure-free survival

From: Optimal timing of salvage radiotherapy for biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy: is ultra-early salvage radiotherapy beneficial?

Parameter

Cutoff

Univariate

Multivariate

P

HR (95 % CI)

P

Age

≥65 years vs <65 years†

0.2151

  

Initial PSA

≥20 ng/mL vs <20 ng/mL

0.9923

  

Pathological T stage

≥T3 vs ≤ T2

0.5521

  

Pathological GS

≥8 vs ≤7

0.0558

  

Gleason pattern 5

Yes vs no

0.0004*

4.166 (1.351 to 12.76)

0.0133*

Extraprostatic extension

Yes vs no

0.4370

  

Lymphovascular invasion

Yes vs no

0.0101*

1.005 (0.323 to 3.130)

0.9935

Positive surgical margin

Yes vs no

0.2967

  

Seminal vesicle invasion

Yes vs no

0.1506

  

Perineural invasion

Yes vs no

0.0157*

5.876 (1.139 to 107.5)

0.0316*

Timing of SRT

ueSRT vs eSRT vs dSRT

0.0364*

–‡

 

ueSRT + eSRT vs dSRT

0.0108*

3.117 (1.141 to 7.880)

0.0280*

 

ueSRT vs eSRT + dSRT

0.2991

  

SRT technique

3DCRT vs IMRT

0.4964

  

Total dose

≥66 Gy vs <66 Gy

0.6278

  

Concomitant ADT

Yes vs no

0.3118

  

PSA doubling time

≥6 months vs <6 months

0.0071*

–‡

  1. HR hazard ratio, CI confidence interval, PSA prostate-specific antigen, GS Gleason score, SRT salvage radiotherapy, ueSRT ultra-early salvage radiotherapy, eSRT early salvage radiotherapy, dSRT delayed salvage radiotherapy, 3DCRT 3-dimensional conformal radiation therapy, IMRT intensity-modulated radiotherapy, ADT androgen deprivation therapy
  2. †median; *statistically significant; ‡these covariates were excluded from the multivariate analysis (see text)