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Table 2 Summary of the results of the target volume dose distribution and delivery parameters for all investigated scenarios

From: Initial characterization, dosimetric benchmark and performance validation of Dynamic Wave Arc

Site

 

3D CRT/IMRT

DWA

 

VMATCDR

  

Mean ± SD

p-value

Mean ± SD

p-value

Mean ± SD

Prostate

n = 3

Coverage PTV D90%

0.99 ± 0.01

p = 0.95

0.98 ± 0.03

p = 0.90

0.98 ± 0.03

Low dose spillage

3.99 ± 0.21

p = 0.66

3.81 ± 0.22

p = 0.49

4.08 ± 0.58

MU

531 ± 45

p = 0.24

495 ± 2

p = 0.36

463 ± 54

Estimated time (min)

-

-

3.09 ± 0.02

p < 0.01

1.51 ± 0.13

Actual time (min)

5.55 ± 0.45

p < 0.01

1.59 ± 0.01

p < 0.01

1.23 ± 0.11

Oligo-

metastatic

cases

n = 15

Coverage PTV D80%

0.96 ± 0.1

p = 0.27

0.98 ± 0.05

p = 0.35

0.97 ± 0.07

Low dose spillage

5.98 ± 2.33

p = 0.01

4.87 ± 1.23

p = 0.25

5.03 ± 1.03

MU

975 ± 211

p < 0.01

1370 ± 346

p = 0.29

1320 ± 309

Estimated time (min)

-

-

3.80 ± 1.41

p = 0.16

3.51 ± 0.80

Actual time (min)

5.47 ± 1.04

p < 0.01

3.44 ± 0.88

p = 0.94

3.46 ± 0.88

Centrally-

located NSCLC

n = 9

Coverage PTV D95%

0.84 ± 0.20

p = 0.21

0.91 ± 0.06

p = 0.26

0.90 ± 0.09

Low dose spillage

5.39 ± 1.24

p = 0.01

4.43 ± 1.06

p = 0.11

4.58 ± 1.02

MU

1885 ± 477

p < 0.01

3349 ± 896

p = 0.29

3238 ± 809

Estimated time (min)

-

-

8.36 ± 1.83

p = 0.61

8.36 ± 1.98

Actual time (min)

7.08 ± 1.09

p = 0.18

8.45 ± 2.32

p = 0.90

8.59 ± 2.29

LAPC

n = 10

Coverage PTV D98%

0.71 ± 0.23

p = 0.59

0.76 ± 0.13

p = 0.94

0.76 ± 0.15

Coverage GTV D95%

0.81 ± 0.17

p = 0.53

0.85 ± 0.15

p = 0.10

0.85 ± 0.18

Low dose spillage

3.70 ± 0.28

p < 0.01

3.25 ± 0.22

p = 0.90

3.34 ± 0.22

MU

1091 ± 100

p < 0.01

644 ± 65

p = 0.10

704 ± 87

Estimated time (min)

-

-

3.10 ± 0.15

p = 0.34

3.16 ± 0.20

Actual time (min)

6.83 ± 0.41

p < 0.01

2.42 ± 0.01

p = 0.63

2.51 ± 0.28

  1. Note: The data is presented as mean values ± SD. The statistical difference between 3D CRT vs. DWA and DWA vs. VMATCDR are presented in the first and second p-value columns, respectively Estimated time = TPS approximation based on the dose rate assigned during optimization; Actual time = measured beam-on delivery time.