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Table 1 Procedural steps and involvement staff of both ablation methods

From: Activity-based cost analysis of hepatic tumor ablation using CT-guided high-dose rate brachytherapy or CT-guided radiofrequency ablation in hepatocellular carcinoma

 

CT-HDRBT

CT-RFA

 

Minutes

StaffCode

Minutes

Staff Code

Preparation

 Patient registration

3 ± 0.7

TECH

3 ± 0.63

TECH

 Preparation of sterile intervention table

8 ± 1.2

N

  

 Preparation of sterile intervention table, instruments, and RFA device

  

12 ± 1.41

N

 Patient positioning, unenhanced localizer scan

8a ± 1.6

TECH

12a ± 0.89

TECH

N

N

 Placement of sterile drapes & disinfection

10a ± 1.2

N

10a ± 1.41

N

TECH

TECH

 Review of images, final check-up

5 ± 1.1

INT-RAD

5 ± 0.63

INT-RAD

CT-Intervention

 Induction of conscious sedation

3a ± 0.5

PHYS

3a ± 0

PHYS

N

N

TECH

 Instrument guidance and positioning of brachytherapy catheters

14a ± 2.4

INT-RAD

  

N

TECH

 Instrument guidance and positioning of RFA probe

  

14a ± 0.89

INT-RAD

N

TECH

 RFA treatment

  

22 a ± 4.56

INT-RAD

N

TECH

 Contrast-enhanced CT scan + assessment

5a ± 0.7

INT-RAD

5a ± 0.63

INT-RAD

N

N

TECH

TECH

 Patient monitoring during intervention and postprocedural scan

19 ± 2.7

PHYS

44 ± 4.73

PHYS

 Transfer to brachytherapy suite

10 ± 1.2

PHYS

  

N

 Radiotherapy planning

15 ± 1.5

INT-RAD

  

RO

MPE

 Radiotherapy

25 ± 6.2

MPE

  

 Patient monitoring during radiotherapy

25 ± 6.2

PHYS

  

N

Postprocedural Management

 Retraction of brachytherapy catheters, tract sealing, and removal of sterile drapes

10 ± 1.5

PHYS

  

N

 Removal of sterile drapes and transfer to recovery room

  

7 ± 1.26

PHYS

TECH

N

 Transfer to recovery room

10 ± 1.5

PHYS

  

N

 Monitoring in recovery room

90 ± 11.1

N

90 ± 6.32

N

 Documentation and clearance

8 ± 1.4

TECH

8 ± 1.4

TECH

 Writing report

5 ± 0.8

INT-RAD

5 ± 0.8

INT-RAD

  1. PHYS physician experienced in conscious sedation and for monitoring of the patient, N nurse, TECH technical assistant, INT-RAD interventional radiologist, MPE medical physics expert, RO radiation oncologist
  2. aCT blocked for this time period plus additional 10 min for room cleaning etc. Time needed for intervention and ablation were extracted from institutional PACS data for all patients. All other data were measured in a sample of 5 patients