Table 1 DNA damaging chemotherapeutic agents interacting with hyperthermia
From: Effects of hyperthermia on DNA repair pathways: one treatment to inhibit them all
| Class | Agent [with references to studies showing interaction of the agent with hyperthermia] | Type of inflicted DNA damage | Pathways involved in repair [references] |
|---|---|---|---|
| Alkylating agents | - triazenes (temozolomide [182, 183]) | strand cross-links, adducts, DSBs (indirect) | NER, BER, MMR, NHEJ, HR [108, 184] |
| - nitrogen mustard derivatives (cyclophosphamide [13, 185–191], melphalan [191–199]) | |||
| - aziridine-containing (mitomycin C [10, 187, 191, 200–203]) | |||
| Alkylating-like platinum compounds | - cisplatin [12, 100, 101, 191, 201, 204–210], carboplatin [211–214], oxaliplatin [198, 199, 209, 215] | strand cross-links, DSBs (indirect) | NER, BER, MMR, HR [94, 95, 216, 217] |
| Antimetabolites | - pyrimidine analogs (5-fluorouracil [218], gemcitabine [161, 199, 219]) | SSBs, DSBs (indirect), oxidative damage | HR, MMR, NER [148, 161, 220, 221] |
| - purine analogs (2-aminopurine [222], 6-thioguanine [222]) | |||
| - dihydrofolate reductase inhibitors (methotrexate [210, 223]) | |||
| Topoisomerase I poisons | - camptothecin [224], B-lapachone [144, 145], Irinotecan [199] | SSBs | BER, NER, NHEJ [225, 226] |
| Topoisomerase II poisons | - intercalators (doxorubicin [187, 188, 227–230]) | DSBs | NHEJ, HR [231–233] |
| Radiomimetics | - enediynes (neocarzinostatin [10]) | SSBs, DSBs, oxidative damage, strand cross-links | HR, NHEJ, BER, [136, 137, 234, 235] |
| - bleomycin [6, 10, 12, 191, 210, 236, 237] | |||
| - mitomycin C [10, 187, 191, 200–203] | |||
| PARP inhibitors | - olaparib [150, 153], PJ-34 [150] | SSBs, DSBs (indirect) | HR, BER [238–240] |