Figure 1
From: Dosimetric robustness against setup errors in charged particle radiotherapy of skull base tumors
Examples of setup error effects on dose distributions. For an example patient, (a) carbon ion and (b) proton dose distributions of two planning approaches (mc LR and mc ROB) as planned (0,0,0) and re-computed in presence of positioning errors of 1 mm (0,+,-) and 2 mm (0,0,-). In the shifts + and - indicate the direction of (equal) non-zero components. Abbreviations: LR – lateral-opposed beam setup, ROB – robust beam setup, mc – multiple-field modulation.