Reference | Study design | Institution | Patient collection | Fractionation(total dose/singel dose/fractions) | EQD for tumor α/β ratio 1.4Gy | EQD for normal tissue α/β ratio 3Gy | IMRT | Follow-up | Acute GU toxicitiy | Late GU toxicity | Acute GI toxicity | Late GI toxicity | Therapeutic outcomes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cozzarini, C. [23] | Prospective phase I-II for adjuvant RT | Milan, Italy | 247 patients | 65.8Gy/2.35Gy/28 fractions adj. RT for 117 pat.; 71.4-72.8Gy/2.55Gy/28 fractions salvage RT for 80 pat.; 58Gy/2.9Gy/20 fractions for 50 pat. Conventional arm 929 pat. 70.2Gy/1.8Gy/39 fractions | 72.6Gy adjuvant RT; 83.0Gy salvage RT; 73.4Gy for the other 50 pat. | α/β ratio = 5Gy for late GU toxicity! 69.14Gy adjuvant RT; 77.1Gy salvage RT; 65.5Gy for the other 50 pat. | Tomo-RT | 68 months median | - | 41/247 (16.5%) ≥ III° GU in hypofraction arm; 72/929 (7.7%) in conventional arm | - | - | - |
Kruse, T.J. [26] | Retrospective for salvage RT | Madison, Wisconsin | 108 patients | 65Gy/2.5Gy/26 fractions | 74.6Gy | 71.5Gy | IMRT | 32.4 months median | 8 pat. (7%) II° and 1 pat. III° GU RTOG. | 16 pat. (15%) II° GU RTOG. | 15 pat. (14%) II GI RTOG. | 4 (4%) pat. II° GI RTOG. | freedom from biochem. failure at 4 years 67% ± 5.3%. |
Ippolito, E. [24] | Prospective phase I for dose-escalation, adjuvant RT | Campobasso, Italy | 25 patients | 7 pat. 56.8Gy/2.27Gy/25 fractions; 6 pat. 59.7Gy/2.39Gy/25fractions; 6 pat. 61.25Gy/2.45Gy/25fractions; 6 pat. 62.5Gy/2.5Gy/25 fractions | 7 pat. 61.3Gy; 6 pat. 66.5Gy; 6 pat. 69.4Gy; 6 pat. 71.7Gy. | 7 pat. 59.9Gy; 6 pat. 64.4Gy; 6 pat. 66.8Gy; 6 pat. 68.8Gy. | IMRT | 19 months median | 9/25 (36%) II° GU. | - | 5/25 (20%) II° GI. | - | - |
Lee, W. [52] | Retrospective for salvage RT | Manchester | 37 patients | 50-52.5Gy/2.5-2.63Gy/20 fractions | 57.4-62.2Gy | 55-59.1Gy | - | 30.6 months median | 0% II° GU. | 16 pat. I° GU, 0 pat. II° GU. | 0% II° GI. | 4 pat. I° GI, 1 pat. II° GI. | 3-year disease-free survival is 74%. |