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Table 1 Normal tissue tolerance

From: Dose to organs at risk in the upper abdomen in patients treated with extended fields by helical tomotherapy: a dosimetric and clinical preliminary study

Critical structure

Volume

Dose/volume

Toxicity rate

Toxicity endpoint

Liver

Mean

<30-32 Gy

<5%

RILD (in normal liver function)

Kidney, bilateral

Mean

<15-18 Gy

<5%

Clinical dysfunction

Kidney, bilateral

Mean

<28 Gy

<50%

Clinical dysfunction

Kidney, bilateral

V12

<55%

<5%

Clinical dysfunction

Kidney, bilateral

V20

<32%

<5%

Clinical dysfunction

Kidney, bilateral

V23

<30%

<5%

Clinical dysfunction

Kidney, bilateral

V28

<20%

<5%

Clinical dysfunction

Stomach

D100

<45 Gy

<7%

Ulceration

Small bowel (peritoneal cavity)

V45

<195 cc

<10%

Grade 3+ toxicity