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Table 7 Biomarkers of CNS injury

From: Neuropsychological testing and biomarkers in the management of brain metastases

Excitotoxicity

Glutamate GABA

 

GABA

Endothelial Damage

Protein S100B

 

NSE

 

MMP-9

 

MMP-13

Inflammation

TNF-alpha

 

Il-1

 

ICAM-1

 

VCAM-1

Angiogenesis

MMP2

 

MMP9

 

VEGF

  1. Abbreviations: NSE = neuron-specific enolase, MMP = matrix metalloproteinases
  2. TNF = Tumor necrosis factor; Il = interleukin, ICAM = intercellular adhesion molecule; VCAM = vascular cellular adhesion molecule, VEGF = vascular endothelial growth factor
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Radiation Oncology

ISSN: 1748-717X

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